macros and improvements

.gitmodules

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-[submodule "user-apps/doom/doomgeneric"]
-	path = user-apps/doom/doomgeneric
-	url = https://github.com/ozkl/doomgeneric

Cargo.lock

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "abi_sys",
  "embedded-graphics",
  "embedded-sdmmc",
+ "main_proc_macro",
  "once_cell",
  "rand_core 0.9.3",
 ]
@@ -133,26 +134,6 @@ version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9e1b586273c5702936fe7b7d6896644d8be71e6314cfe09d3167c95f712589e8"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "bindgen"
-version = "0.71.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5f58bf3d7db68cfbac37cfc485a8d711e87e064c3d0fe0435b92f7a407f9d6b3"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.4",
- "cexpr",
- "clang-sys",
- "itertools 0.10.5",
- "log",
- "prettyplease",
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "regex",
- "rustc-hash",
- "shlex",
- "syn 2.0.104",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "bit-set"
 version = "0.5.3"
@@ -295,42 +276,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "toml",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "cc"
-version = "1.2.43"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "739eb0f94557554b3ca9a86d2d37bebd49c5e6d0c1d2bda35ba5bdac830befc2"
-dependencies = [
- "find-msvc-tools",
- "shlex",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "cexpr"
-version = "0.6.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6fac387a98bb7c37292057cffc56d62ecb629900026402633ae9160df93a8766"
-dependencies = [
- "nom",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "cfg-if"
 version = "1.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9555578bc9e57714c812a1f84e4fc5b4d21fcb063490c624de019f7464c91268"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "clang-sys"
-version = "1.8.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0b023947811758c97c59bf9d1c188fd619ad4718dcaa767947df1cadb14f39f4"
-dependencies = [
- "glob",
- "libc",
- "libloading",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
 version = "3.2.25"
@@ -400,7 +351,7 @@ checksum = "e37549a379a9e0e6e576fd208ee60394ccb8be963889eebba3ffe0980364f472"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -497,7 +448,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "strsim 0.11.1",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -508,7 +459,7 @@ checksum = "fc34b93ccb385b40dc71c6fceac4b2ad23662c7eeb248cf10d529b7e055b6ead"
 dependencies = [
  "darling_core",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -546,7 +497,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -614,16 +565,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "litrs",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "doom"
-version = "0.1.0"
-dependencies = [
- "abi",
- "bindgen",
- "cc",
- "embedded-graphics",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "either"
 version = "1.15.0"
@@ -705,7 +646,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "darling",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1079,7 +1020,7 @@ checksum = "4f6e621fe4c7e05b695274b722dc0a60bacd1c8696b58191baa0154713d52400"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1167,12 +1108,6 @@ version = "2.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "37909eebbb50d72f9059c3b6d82c0463f2ff062c9e95845c43a6c9c0355411be"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "find-msvc-tools"
-version = "0.1.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "52051878f80a721bb68ebfbc930e07b65ba72f2da88968ea5c06fd6ca3d3a127"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "fixed"
 version = "1.29.0"
@@ -1278,7 +1213,7 @@ checksum = "162ee34ebcb7c64a8abebc059ce0fee27c2262618d7b60ed8faf72fef13c3650"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1358,12 +1293,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "tinygif",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "glob"
-version = "0.3.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0cc23270f6e1808e30a928bdc84dea0b9b4136a8bc82338574f23baf47bbd280"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "goblin"
 version = "0.10.2"
@@ -1676,16 +1605,6 @@ version = "0.2.174"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1171693293099992e19cddea4e8b849964e9846f4acee11b3948bcc337be8776"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "libloading"
-version = "0.8.9"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d7c4b02199fee7c5d21a5ae7d8cfa79a6ef5bb2fc834d6e9058e89c825efdc55"
-dependencies = [
- "cfg-if",
- "windows-link",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "libredox"
 version = "0.1.4"
@@ -1730,6 +1649,14 @@ version = "0.4.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "13dc2df351e3202783a1fe0d44375f7295ffb4049267b0f3018346dc122a1d94"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "main_proc_macro"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "memchr"
 version = "2.7.5"
@@ -1742,12 +1669,6 @@ version = "2.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c3c8dda44ff03a2f238717214da50f65d5a53b45cd213a7370424ffdb6fae815"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "minimal-lexical"
-version = "0.2.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "68354c5c6bd36d73ff3feceb05efa59b6acb7626617f4962be322a825e61f79a"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "nb"
 version = "0.1.3"
@@ -1769,16 +1690,6 @@ version = "1.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "650eef8c711430f1a879fdd01d4745a7deea475becfb90269c06775983bbf086"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "nom"
-version = "7.1.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d273983c5a657a70a3e8f2a01329822f3b8c8172b73826411a55751e404a0a4a"
-dependencies = [
- "memchr",
- "minimal-lexical",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "num-traits"
 version = "0.2.19"
@@ -1826,7 +1737,7 @@ checksum = "77e878c846a8abae00dd069496dbe8751b16ac1c3d6bd2a7283a938e8228f90d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2018,7 +1929,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2042,16 +1953,6 @@ version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "925383efa346730478fb4838dbe9137d2a47675ad789c546d150a6e1dd4ab31c"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "prettyplease"
-version = "0.2.36"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ff24dfcda44452b9816fff4cd4227e1bb73ff5a2f1bc1105aa92fb8565ce44d2"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "syn 2.0.104",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro-error"
 version = "1.0.4"
@@ -2095,7 +1996,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error-attr2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2109,9 +2010,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "quote"
-version = "1.0.40"
+version = "1.0.41"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1885c039570dc00dcb4ff087a89e185fd56bae234ddc7f056a945bf36467248d"
+checksum = "ce25767e7b499d1b604768e7cde645d14cc8584231ea6b295e9c9eb22c02e1d1"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
 ]
@@ -2244,12 +2145,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "crc-any",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "rustc-hash"
-version = "2.1.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "357703d41365b4b27c590e3ed91eabb1b663f07c4c084095e60cbed4362dff0d"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "rustc_version"
 version = "0.2.3"
@@ -2347,7 +2242,7 @@ checksum = "d540f220d3187173da220f885ab66608367b6574e925011a9353e4badda91d79"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2379,12 +2274,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "keccak",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "shlex"
-version = "1.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0fda2ff0d084019ba4d7c6f371c95d8fd75ce3524c3cb8fb653a3023f6323e64"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "siphasher"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -2520,7 +2409,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "heck 0.5.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2549,9 +2438,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.104"
+version = "2.0.108"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "17b6f705963418cdb9927482fa304bc562ece2fdd4f616084c50b7023b435a40"
+checksum = "da58917d35242480a05c2897064da0a80589a2a0476c9a3f2fdc83b53502e917"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -2648,7 +2537,7 @@ checksum = "4fee6c4efc90059e10f81e6d42c60a18f76588c3d74cb83a0b242a2b6c7504c1"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2659,7 +2548,7 @@ checksum = "7f7cf42b4507d8ea322120659672cf1b9dbb93f8f2d4ecfd6e51350ff5b17a1d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2727,7 +2616,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "darling",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
  "uuid",
 ]
 
@@ -2886,7 +2775,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "log",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
@@ -2908,7 +2797,7 @@ checksum = "8ae87ea40c9f689fc23f209965b6fb8a99ad69aeeb0231408be24920604395de"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
  "wasm-bindgen-backend",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
@@ -2953,12 +2842,6 @@ version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-link"
-version = "0.2.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f0805222e57f7521d6a62e36fa9163bc891acd422f971defe97d64e70d0a4fe5"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
 version = "0.59.0"
@@ -3064,5 +2947,5 @@ checksum = "9ecf5b4cc5364572d7f4c329661bcc82724222973f2cab6f050a4e5c22f75181"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.104",
+ "syn 2.0.108",
 ]

Cargo.toml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ members = [
   "user-apps/snake",
   "user-apps/gallery",
   "user-apps/gif",
-  "user-apps/doom",
+  "main_proc_macro",
 ]
 
 [profile.release]

abi/Cargo.toml

@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
-embedded-sdmmc = { version = "0.9.0", default-features = false }
-embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
 abi_sys = { path = "../abi_sys" }
+main_proc_macro = { path = "../main_proc_macro" }
+embedded-sdmmc = { version = "0.9", default-features = false }
+embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
 once_cell = { version = "1", default-features = false }
 rand_core = "0.9.3"

abi/src/lib.rs

@@ -5,10 +5,20 @@ extern crate alloc;
 
 pub use abi_sys::{self, keyboard};
 use abi_sys::{RngRequest, alloc, dealloc, keyboard::KeyEvent};
-pub use alloc::format;
+use alloc::format;
-use core::alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout};
+use core::{
+    alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout},
+    panic::PanicInfo,
+};
+pub use main_proc_macro::main;
 use rand_core::RngCore;
 
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
+    loop {}
+}
+
 #[global_allocator]
 static ALLOC: Alloc = Alloc;
 
@@ -27,7 +37,7 @@ unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for Alloc {
 #[macro_export]
 macro_rules! print {
     ($($arg:tt)*) => {{
-        let s = $crate::format!($($arg)*);
+        let s = format!($($arg)*);
         $crate::abi_sys::print(s.as_ptr(), s.len());
     }};
 }

justfile

@@ -17,4 +17,3 @@ userapps: cbindgen
     just userapp snake
     just userapp gallery
     just userapp gif
-    just userapp doom

kernel/src/display.rs

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ pub async fn display_handler(mut display: DISPLAY) {
                 FRAMEBUFFER
                     .as_mut()
                     .unwrap()
-                    .safe_draw(&mut display)
+                    .partial_draw(&mut display)
                     .await
                     .unwrap()
             };

kernel/src/framebuffer.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 use crate::display::{SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_WIDTH};
 use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
-use embassy_sync::lazy_lock::LazyLock;
 use embedded_graphics::{
     draw_target::DrawTarget,
     pixelcolor::{
@@ -14,32 +13,33 @@ use embedded_hal_2::digital::OutputPin;
 use embedded_hal_async::{delay::DelayNs, spi::SpiDevice};
 use st7365p_lcd::ST7365P;
 
-pub const TILE_SIZE: usize = 16; // 16x16 tile
+const TILE_SIZE: usize = 16; // 16x16 tile
-pub const TILE_COUNT: usize = (SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE) * (SCREEN_HEIGHT / TILE_SIZE); // 400 tiles
+const TILE_COUNT: usize = (SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE) * (SCREEN_HEIGHT / TILE_SIZE); // 400 tiles
+const NUM_TILE_ROWS: usize = SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE;
+const NUM_TILE_COLS: usize = SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE;
 
-// Group of tiles for batching
+const MAX_BATCH_TILES: usize = (SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE) * 2;
-pub const MAX_META_TILES: usize = (SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE) * 2; // max number of meta tiles in buffer
+type BatchTileBuf = [u16; MAX_BATCH_TILES * TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE];
-type MetaTileVec = heapless::Vec<Rectangle, { TILE_COUNT / MAX_META_TILES }>;
 
 pub const SIZE: usize = SCREEN_HEIGHT * SCREEN_WIDTH;
 
 pub static FB_PAUSED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
 
-static mut DIRTY_TILES: LazyLock<heapless::Vec<AtomicBool, TILE_COUNT>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
-    let mut tiles = heapless::Vec::new();
-    for _ in 0..TILE_COUNT {
-        tiles.push(AtomicBool::new(true)).unwrap();
-    }
-    tiles
-});
-
 #[allow(dead_code)]
-pub struct AtomicFrameBuffer<'a>(&'a mut [u16]);
+pub struct AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
+    fb: &'a mut [u16],
+    dirty_tiles: [AtomicBool; TILE_COUNT],
+    batch_tile_buf: BatchTileBuf,
+}
 
 impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
     pub fn new(buffer: &'a mut [u16]) -> Self {
         assert!(buffer.len() == SIZE);
-        Self(buffer)
+        Self {
+            fb: buffer,
+            dirty_tiles: core::array::from_fn(|_| AtomicBool::new(true)),
+            batch_tile_buf: [0; MAX_BATCH_TILES * TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE],
+        }
     }
 
     fn mark_tiles_dirty(&mut self, rect: Rectangle) {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
         for ty in start_ty..=end_ty {
             for tx in start_tx..=end_tx {
                 let tile_idx = ty * tiles_x + tx;
-                unsafe { DIRTY_TILES.get_mut()[tile_idx].store(true, Ordering::Release) };
+                self.dirty_tiles[tile_idx].store(true, Ordering::Release);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
         for y in sy..=ey {
             for x in sx..=ex {
                 if let Some(color) = color_iter.next() {
-                    self.0[(y as usize * SCREEN_WIDTH) + x as usize] = color;
+                    self.fb[(y as usize * SCREEN_WIDTH) + x as usize] = color;
                 } else {
                     return Err(()); // Not enough data
                 }
@@ -93,60 +93,17 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    // walk the dirty tiles and mark groups of tiles(meta-tiles) for batched updates
+    // Checks if a full draw would be faster than individual tile batches
-    fn find_meta_tiles(&mut self, tiles_x: usize, tiles_y: usize) -> MetaTileVec {
+    fn should_full_draw(&self) -> bool {
-        let mut meta_tiles: MetaTileVec = heapless::Vec::new();
+        let threshold_pixels = SIZE * 80 / 100;
+        let mut dirty_pixels = 0;
 
-        for ty in 0..tiles_y {
+        self.dirty_tiles.iter().any(|tile| {
-            let mut tx = 0;
+            if tile.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
-            while tx < tiles_x {
+                dirty_pixels += TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE;
-                let idx = ty * tiles_x + tx;
-                if !unsafe { DIRTY_TILES.get()[idx].load(Ordering::Acquire) } {
-                    tx += 1;
-                    continue;
             }
-
+            dirty_pixels >= threshold_pixels
-                // Start meta-tile at this tile
+        })
-                let mut width_tiles = 1;
-                let height_tiles = 1;
-
-                // Grow horizontally, but keep under MAX_TILES_PER_METATILE
-                while tx + width_tiles < tiles_x
-                    && unsafe {
-                        DIRTY_TILES.get()[ty * tiles_x + tx + width_tiles].load(Ordering::Acquire)
-                    }
-                    && (width_tiles + height_tiles) <= MAX_META_TILES
-                {
-                    width_tiles += 1;
-                }
-
-                // TODO: for simplicity, skipped vertical growth
-
-                for x_off in 0..width_tiles {
-                    unsafe {
-                        DIRTY_TILES.get()[ty * tiles_x + tx + x_off]
-                            .store(false, Ordering::Release);
-                    };
-                }
-
-                // new meta-tile pos
-                let rect = Rectangle::new(
-                    Point::new((tx * TILE_SIZE) as i32, (ty * TILE_SIZE) as i32),
-                    Size::new(
-                        (width_tiles * TILE_SIZE) as u32,
-                        (height_tiles * TILE_SIZE) as u32,
-                    ),
-                );
-
-                if meta_tiles.push(rect).is_err() {
-                    return meta_tiles;
-                };
-
-                tx += width_tiles;
-            }
-        }
-
-        meta_tiles
     }
 
     /// Sends the entire framebuffer to the display
@@ -165,71 +122,40 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
                 0,
                 self.size().width as u16 - 1,
                 self.size().height as u16 - 1,
-                &self.0[..],
+                &self.fb[..],
             )
             .await?;
 
-        unsafe {
+        for tile in self.dirty_tiles.iter() {
-            for tile in DIRTY_TILES.get_mut().iter() {
             tile.store(false, Ordering::Release);
         }
-        };
 
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub async fn safe_draw<SPI, DC, RST, DELAY>(
+    // copy N tiles horizontally to the right into batch tile buf
+    fn append_tiles_to_batch(
         &mut self,
-        display: &mut ST7365P<SPI, DC, RST, DELAY>,
+        tile_x: u16,
-    ) -> Result<(), ()>
+        tile_y: u16,
-    where
+        total_tiles: u16, // number of tiles being written to buf
-        SPI: SpiDevice,
+    ) {
-        DC: OutputPin,
+        debug_assert!(total_tiles as usize <= NUM_TILE_COLS);
-        RST: OutputPin,
+        for batch_row_num in 0..TILE_SIZE {
-        DELAY: DelayNs,
+            let batch_row_offset = batch_row_num * total_tiles as usize * TILE_SIZE;
-    {
+            let batch_row = &mut self.batch_tile_buf
-        let tiles_x = SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE;
+                [batch_row_offset..batch_row_offset + (total_tiles as usize * TILE_SIZE)];
-        let _tiles_y = SCREEN_HEIGHT / TILE_SIZE;
 
-        let tiles = unsafe { DIRTY_TILES.get_mut() };
+            let fb_row_offset = (tile_y as usize * TILE_SIZE + batch_row_num) * SCREEN_WIDTH
-        let mut pixel_buffer: heapless::Vec<u16, { TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE }> = heapless::Vec::new();
+                + tile_x as usize * TILE_SIZE;
+            let fb_row =
+                &self.fb[fb_row_offset..fb_row_offset + (total_tiles as usize * TILE_SIZE)];
 
-        for tile_idx in 0..TILE_COUNT {
+            batch_row.copy_from_slice(fb_row);
-            if tiles[tile_idx].swap(false, Ordering::AcqRel) {
-                let tx = tile_idx % tiles_x;
-                let ty = tile_idx / tiles_x;
-
-                let x_start = tx * TILE_SIZE;
-                let y_start = ty * TILE_SIZE;
-
-                let x_end = (x_start + TILE_SIZE).min(SCREEN_WIDTH);
-                let y_end = (y_start + TILE_SIZE).min(SCREEN_HEIGHT);
-
-                pixel_buffer.clear();
-
-                for y in y_start..y_end {
-                    let start = y * SCREEN_WIDTH + x_start;
-                    let end = y * SCREEN_WIDTH + x_end;
-                    pixel_buffer.extend_from_slice(&self.0[start..end]).unwrap();
-                }
-
-                display
-                    .set_pixels_buffered(
-                        x_start as u16,
-                        y_start as u16,
-                        (x_end - 1) as u16,
-                        (y_end - 1) as u16,
-                        &pixel_buffer,
-                    )
-                    .await
-                    .unwrap();
         }
     }
 
-        Ok(())
+    // Pushes tiles to the display in batches to avoid full frame pushes (unless needed)
-    }
-
-    /// Sends only dirty tiles (16x16px) in batches to the display
     pub async fn partial_draw<SPI, DC, RST, DELAY>(
         &mut self,
         display: &mut ST7365P<SPI, DC, RST, DELAY>,
@@ -240,55 +166,53 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
         RST: OutputPin,
         DELAY: DelayNs,
     {
-        if unsafe { DIRTY_TILES.get().iter().any(|p| p.load(Ordering::Acquire)) } {
+        if self.should_full_draw() {
-            let tiles_x = (SCREEN_WIDTH + TILE_SIZE - 1) / TILE_SIZE;
+            return self.draw(display).await;
-            let tiles_y = (SCREEN_HEIGHT + TILE_SIZE - 1) / TILE_SIZE;
-
-            let meta_tiles = self.find_meta_tiles(tiles_x, tiles_y);
-
-            // buffer for copying meta tiles before sending to display
-            let mut pixel_buffer: heapless::Vec<u16, { MAX_META_TILES * TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE }> =
-                heapless::Vec::new();
-
-            for rect in meta_tiles {
-                let rect_width = rect.size.width as usize;
-                let rect_height = rect.size.height as usize;
-                let rect_x = rect.top_left.x as usize;
-                let rect_y = rect.top_left.y as usize;
-
-                pixel_buffer.clear();
-
-                for row in 0..rect_height {
-                    let y = rect_y + row;
-                    let start = y * SCREEN_WIDTH + rect_x;
-                    let end = start + rect_width;
-
-                    // Safe: we guarantee buffer will not exceed MAX_META_TILE_PIXELS
-                    pixel_buffer.extend_from_slice(&self.0[start..end]).unwrap();
         }
 
+        for tile_row in 0..NUM_TILE_ROWS {
+            let row_start_idx = tile_row * NUM_TILE_COLS;
+            let mut col = 0;
+
+            while col < NUM_TILE_COLS {
+                // Check for dirty tile
+                if self.dirty_tiles[row_start_idx + col].swap(false, Ordering::Acquire) {
+                    let run_start = col;
+                    let mut run_len = 1;
+
+                    // Extend run while contiguous dirty tiles and within MAX_BATCH_TILES
+                    while col + 1 < NUM_TILE_COLS
+                        && self.dirty_tiles[row_start_idx + col + 1].load(Ordering::Acquire)
+                        && run_len < MAX_BATCH_TILES
+                    {
+                        col += 1;
+                        run_len += 1;
+                    }
+
+                    // Copy the whole horizontal run into the batch buffer in one call
+                    let tile_x = run_start;
+                    let tile_y = tile_row;
+                    self.append_tiles_to_batch(tile_x as u16, tile_y as u16, run_len as u16);
+
+                    // Compute coordinates for display write
+                    let start_x = tile_x * TILE_SIZE;
+                    let end_x = start_x + run_len * TILE_SIZE - 1;
+                    let start_y = tile_y * TILE_SIZE;
+                    let end_y = start_y + TILE_SIZE - 1;
+
+                    // Send batch to display
                     display
                         .set_pixels_buffered(
-                        rect_x as u16,
+                            start_x as u16,
-                        rect_y as u16,
+                            start_y as u16,
-                        (rect_x + rect_width - 1) as u16,
+                            end_x as u16,
-                        (rect_y + rect_height - 1) as u16,
+                            end_y as u16,
-                        &pixel_buffer,
+                            &self.batch_tile_buf[..run_len * TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE],
                         )
                         .await?;
-
-                // walk the meta-tile and set as clean
-                let start_tx = rect_x / TILE_SIZE;
-                let start_ty = rect_y / TILE_SIZE;
-                let end_tx = (rect_x + rect_width - 1) / TILE_SIZE;
-                let end_ty = (rect_y + rect_height - 1) / TILE_SIZE;
-
-                for ty in start_ty..=end_ty {
-                    for tx in start_tx..=end_tx {
-                        let tile_idx = ty * tiles_x + tx;
-                        unsafe { DIRTY_TILES.get_mut()[tile_idx].store(false, Ordering::Release) };
-                    }
                 }
+
+                col += 1;
             }
         }
 
@@ -309,14 +233,14 @@ impl<'a> DrawTarget for AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
 
         for Pixel(coord, color) in pixels {
             if coord.x >= 0 && coord.y >= 0 {
-                let x = coord.x as i32;
+                let x = coord.x;
-                let y = coord.y as i32;
+                let y = coord.y;
 
                 if (x as usize) < SCREEN_WIDTH && (y as usize) < SCREEN_HEIGHT {
                     let idx = (y as usize) * SCREEN_WIDTH + (x as usize);
                     let raw_color = RawU16::from(color).into_inner();
-                    if self.0[idx] != raw_color {
+                    if self.fb[idx] != raw_color {
-                        self.0[idx] = raw_color;
+                        self.fb[idx] = raw_color;
                         changed = true;
                     }
 
@@ -365,8 +289,8 @@ impl<'a> DrawTarget for AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
                         if let Some(color) = colors.next() {
                             let idx = (p.y as usize * SCREEN_WIDTH) + (p.x as usize);
                             let raw_color = RawU16::from(color).into_inner();
-                            if self.0[idx] != raw_color {
+                            if self.fb[idx] != raw_color {
-                                self.0[idx] = raw_color;
+                                self.fb[idx] = raw_color;
                                 changed = true;
                             }
                         } else {
@@ -404,7 +328,7 @@ impl<'a> DrawTarget for AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
                 .take((self.size().width * self.size().height) as usize),
         )?;
 
-        for tile in unsafe { DIRTY_TILES.get_mut() }.iter() {
+        for tile in self.dirty_tiles.iter() {
             tile.store(true, Ordering::Release);
         }
 

kernel/src/main.rs

@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ mod abi;
 mod display;
 mod elf;
 mod framebuffer;
+#[allow(unused)]
 mod heap;
 mod peripherals;
+#[allow(unused)]
 mod psram;
 mod scsi;
 mod storage;
@@ -225,6 +227,7 @@ struct Sd {
     cs: Peri<'static, PIN_17>,
     det: Peri<'static, PIN_22>,
 }
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 struct Psram {
     pio: Peri<'static, PIO0>,
     sclk: Peri<'static, PIN_21>,
@@ -318,7 +321,7 @@ async fn kernel_task(
     watchdog: Peri<'static, WATCHDOG>,
     display: Display,
     sd: Sd,
-    psram: Psram,
+    _psram: Psram,
     mcu: Mcu,
     usb: Peri<'static, USB>,
 ) {
@@ -328,10 +331,14 @@ async fn kernel_task(
 
     setup_mcu(mcu).await;
 
+    defmt::info!("setting up psram");
+    Timer::after_millis(100).await;
+
     // setup_psram(psram).await;
     #[cfg(feature = "pimoroni2w")]
     setup_qmi_psram().await;
 
+    Timer::after_millis(100).await;
     setup_display(display, spawner).await;
     setup_sd(sd).await;
 

kernel/src/psram.rs

@@ -549,13 +549,13 @@ pub fn init_psram_qmi(
     let min_deselect: u32 = ((18 * 1_000_000 + (clock_period_fs - 1)) / clock_period_fs
         - u64::from(divisor + 1) / 2) as u32;
 
-    #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+    // #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
-    defmt::info!(
+    // defmt::info!(
-        "clock_period_fs={} max_select={} min_deselect={}",
+    //     "clock_period_fs={} max_select={} min_deselect={}",
-        clock_period_fs,
+    //     clock_period_fs,
-        max_select,
+    //     max_select,
-        min_deselect
+    //     min_deselect
-    );
+    // );
 
     qmi.direct_csr().write(|w| {
         w.set_clkdiv(10);

main_proc_macro/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[package]
+name = "main_proc_macro"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[lib]
+proc-macro = true
+
+[dependencies]
+quote = "1.0.41"
+syn = "2.0.108"

main_proc_macro/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+use proc_macro::TokenStream;
+use quote::quote;
+use syn::{ItemFn, parse_macro_input};
+
+#[proc_macro_attribute]
+pub fn main(_attr: TokenStream, item: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    let input = parse_macro_input!(item as ItemFn);
+    let name = &input.sig.ident;
+
+    // ensure we emit _start in the same module as the fn
+    let expanded = quote! {
+        #input
+
+        #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
+        pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
+            #name();
+        }
+    };
+
+    expanded.into()
+}

user-apps/calculator/src/main.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ use abi::{
     print,
 };
 use alloc::{format, string::String, vec, vec::Vec};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 use embedded_graphics::{
     Drawable,
     geometry::{Dimensions, Point},
@@ -26,12 +25,6 @@ use embedded_layout::{
     prelude::Chain,
 };
 
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
-    loop {}
-}
-
 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
     main()

user-apps/doom/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "doom"
-version = "0.1.0"
-edition = "2024"
-
-[dependencies]
-abi = { path = "../../abi" }
-embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
-
-[build-dependencies]
-bindgen = "0.71.0"
-cc = "1.0"

user-apps/doom/build.rs

@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-//! This build script copies the `memory.x` file from the crate root into
-//! a directory where the linker can always find it at build time.
-//! For many projects this is optional, as the linker always searches the
-//! project root directory -- wherever `Cargo.toml` is. However, if you
-//! are using a workspace or have a more complicated build setup, this
-//! build script becomes required. Additionally, by requesting that
-//! Cargo re-run the build script whenever `memory.x` is changed,
-//! updating `memory.x` ensures a rebuild of the application with the
-//! new memory settings.
-
-use std::env;
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::Write;
-use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
-use std::process::Command;
-
-fn main() {
-    build_newlib();
-    build_doom();
-
-    // Put `memory.x` in our output directory and ensure it's
-    // on the linker search path.
-    let out = &PathBuf::from(env::var_os("OUT_DIR").unwrap());
-    File::create(out.join("memory.x"))
-        .unwrap()
-        .write_all(include_bytes!("memory.x"))
-        .unwrap();
-    println!("cargo:rustc-link-search={}", out.display());
-
-    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=memory.x");
-    println!("cargo:rustc-link-arg-bins=-Tmemory.x");
-}
-
-// TODO: use target to change newlib build - only workds for rp2350 right now
-fn build_newlib() {
-    let out_dir = std::env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap();
-    let picolibc_dir = format!("{}/picolibc", out_dir);
-
-    if !Path::new(&picolibc_dir).exists() {
-        let status = Command::new("git")
-            .args(&[
-                "clone",
-                "https://github.com/picolibc/picolibc",
-                &picolibc_dir,
-            ])
-            .status()
-            .expect("Failed to clone picolibc");
-        assert!(status.success());
-    }
-
-    let build_dir = format!("{}/build", picolibc_dir);
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(&build_dir).unwrap();
-
-    let status = Command::new(&format!("{picolibc_dir}/scripts/do-configure"))
-        .current_dir(&build_dir)
-        .args(&[
-            "thumbv8m_main_fp-none-eabi",
-            "--buildtype=minsize",
-            "-Dtests=true",
-            "-Dtinystdio=false",
-            "-Dsingle-thread=true",
-            "-Db_pie=true",
-            "-Ddefault_library=static",
-            "-Dtinystdio=false",
-            "-Dmultilib=false",
-            ".",
-        ])
-        .status()
-        .expect("Failed to run Meson configure");
-    assert!(status.success());
-
-    let status = Command::new("ninja")
-        .current_dir(&build_dir)
-        .status()
-        .expect("Failed to run Ninja build");
-    assert!(status.success());
-
-    println!("cargo:rustc-link-search={}/newlib", build_dir);
-    println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=c");
-    println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=m");
-}
-
-fn build_doom() {
-    let ref dg_src_dir = std::path::PathBuf::from("doomgeneric/doomgeneric");
-    let mut dg_c_paths = vec![];
-    let mut dg_h_paths = vec![];
-
-    // Find most c and h files
-    for entry in std::fs::read_dir(dg_src_dir).unwrap() {
-        let entry = entry.unwrap();
-        if let Some(filename) = entry.file_name().to_str() {
-            if filename.starts_with("doomgeneric")
-                || filename.contains("_allegro")
-                || filename.contains("_sdl")
-                || filename.contains("net_")
-                || filename == "i_main.c"
-            {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if filename.ends_with(".h") {
-                dg_h_paths.push(dg_src_dir.join(filename));
-            } else if filename.ends_with(".c") {
-                dg_c_paths.push(dg_src_dir.join(filename));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    dg_c_paths
-        .iter()
-        .chain(dg_h_paths.iter())
-        .for_each(|path| println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed={}", path.to_str().unwrap()));
-
-    cc::Build::new()
-        .compiler("arm-none-eabi-gcc")
-        .flag("-w") // silence warnings
-        .flag("-Os") // optimize for size
-        .flag("-ffunction-sections")
-        .flag("-fdata-sections")
-        .define("CMAP256", None)
-        .define("DOOMGENERIC_RESX", Some("320"))
-        .define("DOOMGENERIC_RESY", Some("200"))
-        .flag_if_supported("-std=gnu99")
-        .define("_POSIX_C_SOURCE", Some("200809L"))
-        .files(dg_c_paths)
-        .compile("doomgeneric");
-}

user-apps/doom/memory.x

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-MEMORY
-{
-  RAM : ORIGIN = 0x0, LENGTH = 400K
-}
-
-SECTIONS
-{
-  .text : ALIGN(4)
-  {
-      *(.text .text.*);
-      *(.rodata .rodata.*);
-  } > RAM
-
-  .data : ALIGN(4)
-  {
-      *(.data .data.*);
-  } > RAM
-
-  .bss : ALIGN(4)
-  {
-      *(.bss .bss.*);
-      *(COMMON);
-  } > RAM
-
-  .syscall_table (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4)
-  {
-      __user_reloc_start = .;
-      KEEP(*(.user_reloc*));
-      __user_reloc_end = .;
-  } > RAM
-}

user-apps/doom/src/doom.rs

@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-use abi::{
-    abi_sys::{get_ms, sleep},
-    display::Display,
-};
-use core::ffi::{c_int, c_uchar};
-use embedded_graphics::{
-    Drawable, Pixel,
-    draw_target::DrawTarget,
-    pixelcolor::Rgb565,
-    prelude::{Point, RgbColor},
-};
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-#[allow(non_snake_case)]
-static mut DG_ScreenBuffer: *const u8 = core::ptr::null();
-
-#[repr(C)]
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
-pub struct RGBA {
-    pub b: u8,
-    pub g: u8,
-    pub r: u8,
-    pub a: u8,
-}
-
-unsafe extern "C" {
-    fn D_DoomMain();
-    fn doomgeneric_Tick();
-    fn M_FindResponseFile();
-
-    pub static colors: [RGBA; 256];
-}
-
-pub fn tick() {
-    unsafe { doomgeneric_Tick() };
-}
-
-pub struct ScreenBuffer<const RESX: usize, const RESY: usize, const SIZE: usize>(pub [u8; SIZE]);
-
-impl<const RESX: usize, const RESY: usize, const SIZE: usize> ScreenBuffer<RESX, RESY, SIZE> {
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    const NA: () = assert!(SIZE == RESX * RESY);
-
-    pub const fn new() -> Self {
-        Self([0_u8; SIZE])
-    }
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-extern "C" fn DG_SetWindowTitle() {}
-
-pub fn create<const RESX: usize, const RESY: usize, const SIZE: usize>(
-    screenbuffer: &ScreenBuffer<RESX, RESY, SIZE>,
-) {
-    unsafe {
-        M_FindResponseFile();
-
-        DG_ScreenBuffer = screenbuffer.0.as_ptr();
-
-        D_DoomMain();
-    }
-}
-
-const X: usize = 320;
-const Y: usize = 200;
-const SIZE: usize = X * Y;
-
-pub static mut DISPLAY: Option<Display> = None;
-pub static mut SCREEN_BUFFER: ScreenBuffer<X, Y, SIZE> = ScreenBuffer::new();
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-extern "C" fn DG_DrawFrame() {
-    let palette565: [Rgb565; 256] = unsafe {
-        colors.map(|c| {
-            Rgb565::new(
-                ((c.r as u16 * 31) / 255) as u8, // red 5 bits
-                ((c.g as u16 * 63) / 255) as u8, // green 6 bits
-                ((c.b as u16 * 31) / 255) as u8, // blue 5 bits
-            )
-        })
-    };
-    let buf = unsafe { &SCREEN_BUFFER.0 };
-
-    let display = unsafe { DISPLAY.as_mut().unwrap() };
-    display.clear(Rgb565::BLACK).unwrap();
-
-    for y in 0..Y {
-        for x in 0..X {
-            let idx = y * X + x;
-            let color = palette565[buf[idx] as usize];
-
-            Pixel(Point::new(x as i32, y as i32), color)
-                .draw(display)
-                .unwrap();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-extern "C" fn DG_GetTicksMs() -> u32 {
-    get_ms() as u32
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-extern "C" fn DG_GetKey(pressed: *mut c_int, key: *mut c_uchar) -> c_int {
-    0
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-extern "C" fn DG_SleepMs(ms: u32) {
-    sleep(ms.into());
-}

user-apps/doom/src/libc.rs

@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
-use core::ffi::{c_char, c_int, c_uchar, c_void};
-use core::ptr;
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub static _ctype_: [c_uchar; 256] = [0u8; 256];
-
-#[repr(C)]
-pub struct Reent {
-    pub errno: c_int,
-    _reserved: [u8; 32],
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub static mut _reent_data: Reent = Reent {
-    errno: 0,
-    _reserved: [0; 32],
-};
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub static mut _impure_ptr: *mut Reent = unsafe { &mut _reent_data as *mut Reent };
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn __errno() -> *mut c_int {
-    unsafe { &mut (*_impure_ptr).errno as *mut c_int }
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn exit(_status: i32) -> ! {
-    loop {}
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn close(_file: i32) -> i32 {
-    -1
-}
-
-#[repr(C)]
-pub struct Stat {
-    st_mode: u32,
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn fstat(_file: i32, st: *mut Stat) -> i32 {
-    unsafe {
-        if !st.is_null() {
-            (*st).st_mode = 0x2000; // S_IFCHR
-        }
-    }
-    0
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn isatty(_file: i32) -> i32 {
-    1
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn lseek(_file: i32, _ptr: i32, _dir: i32) -> i32 {
-    0
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn lseek64(_fd: c_int, _offset: i64, _whence: c_int) -> i64 {
-    0
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn open(_name: *const u8, _flags: i32, _mode: i32) -> i32 {
-    -1
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn read(_file: i32, _ptr: *mut u8, len: usize) -> i32 {
-    len as i32
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn write(_file: i32, _ptr: *const u8, len: usize) -> i32 {
-    len as i32
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn rename(_old: *const c_char, _new: *const c_char) -> c_int {
-    -1
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn kill(_pid: i32, _sig: i32) -> i32 {
-    -1
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn getpid() -> i32 {
-    1
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn link(_old: *const u8, _new: *const u8) -> i32 {
-    -1
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn unlink(_name: *const u8) -> i32 {
-    -1
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn mkdir(_path: *const u8, _mode: u32) -> i32 {
-    0
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn sbrk(incr: isize) -> *mut c_void {
-    core::ptr::null_mut()
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn fini() {}

user-apps/doom/src/main.rs

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-#![no_std]
-#![no_main]
-#![allow(static_mut_refs)]
-#![feature(c_variadic)]
-
-extern crate alloc;
-use abi::{
-    display::Display,
-    fs::{file_len, read_file},
-    get_key, get_ms,
-    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-    print, sleep,
-};
-use alloc::vec;
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-use embedded_graphics::{pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::Point};
-
-mod doom;
-use crate::doom::{DISPLAY, SCREEN_BUFFER, create, tick};
-mod libc;
-
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
-    loop {}
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
-    main()
-}
-
-pub fn main() {
-    print!("Starting Doom app");
-    let display = Display;
-    unsafe { DISPLAY = Some(display) };
-
-    unsafe { create(&SCREEN_BUFFER) };
-
-    loop {
-        tick();
-    }
-}

user-apps/gallery/src/main.rs

@@ -8,27 +8,16 @@ use abi::{
     fs::{list_dir, read_file},
     get_key,
     keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-    print,
+    main, print,
 };
 use alloc::{format, string::ToString, vec};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 use embedded_graphics::{
     Drawable, image::Image, mono_font::MonoTextStyle, mono_font::ascii::FONT_6X10,
     pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::*, text::Text,
 };
 use tinybmp::Bmp;
 
-#[panic_handler]
+#[main]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location());
-    loop {}
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
-    main()
-}
-
 pub fn main() {
     print!("Starting Gallery app");
     let mut bmp_buf = vec![0_u8; 100_000];

user-apps/gif/src/main.rs

@@ -7,26 +7,15 @@ use abi::{
     fs::{file_len, read_file},
     get_key, get_ms,
     keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-    print, sleep,
+    main, print, sleep,
 };
-use alloc::vec;
+use alloc::{format, vec};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 use embedded_graphics::{
     image::ImageDrawable, pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::Point, transform::Transform,
 };
 use tinygif::Gif;
 
-#[panic_handler]
+#[main]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
-    loop {}
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
-    main()
-}
-
 pub fn main() {
     print!("Starting Gif app");
     let mut display = Display;
@@ -51,11 +40,14 @@ pub fn main() {
                 .unwrap();
             frame_num += 1;
 
-            if frame_num % 100 == 0 {
+            if frame_num % 5 == 0 {
                 let event = get_key();
                 if event.state != KeyState::Idle {
                     match event.key {
-                        KeyCode::Esc => return,
+                        KeyCode::Esc => {
+                            drop(buf);
+                            return;
+                        }
                         _ => (),
                     };
                 };

user-apps/snake/src/main.rs

@@ -9,16 +9,10 @@ use abi::{
     keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
     print, sleep,
 };
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+use alloc::format;
 use embedded_graphics::{pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::RgbColor};
 use embedded_snake::{Direction, SnakeGame};
 
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
-    loop {}
-}
-
 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
     main()