works

init
2025-12-27 15:55:25 +00:00 · 2025-11-04 16:50:57 -07:00 · 2025-11-04 13:43:48 -07:00
45 changed files with 814 additions and 1650 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 /target
 *.uf2
-userlib_sys.h
+abi_sys.h
 assets/gif/bad_apple.gif
-picolibc
-user-apps/gboy/Peanut-GB
--- a/.gitmodules
+++ b/.gitmodules
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-[submodule "picolibc"]
-	path = picolibc
-	url = https://github.com/picolibc/picolibc
-[submodule "user-apps/gboy/Peanut-GB"]
-	path = user-apps/gboy/Peanut-GB
-	url = https://github.com/deltabeard/Peanut-GB
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -2,14 +2,13 @@
 resolver = "3"
 members = [
  "kernel",
-  "userlib_sys",
-  "userlib",
+  "abi_sys",
+  "abi",
  "selection_ui",
-  "user_apps/calculator",
-  "user_apps/snake",
-  "user_apps/gallery",
-  "user_apps/gif",
-  "user_apps/wav_player",
+  "user-apps/calculator",
+  "user-apps/snake",
+  "user-apps/gallery",
+  "user-apps/gif",
 ]

 [profile.release]
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ codegen-units = 1
 lto = true
 debug = false
 opt-level = "z"
-panic = "unwind"
+panic = "abort"

 [profile.dev]
 lto = true
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,27 +1,26 @@
 # PicoCalc OS (Rust)

-A simple kernel and applications for the **Clockwork PicoCalc**, written in Rust.  
-This project provides a minimal kernel, syscall table, and user-space applications to experiment with kernel development on constrained hardware.
+A simple operating system for the **Clockwork PicoCalc**, written in Rust.  
+This project provides a minimal kernel, ABI, and user-space applications to experiment with OS development on constrained hardware.

 ## Status

 Basic synchronous applications are working great.  
-Current focus is on exanding applications and porting software, finding bugs in ffi, and making sure the kernel is as stable as possible.
+Current focus is on **expanding the ABI syscalls** and **fixing the MSC/USB-SCSI driver** to make application development easier and smoother.

 ## Project Structure

- **`kernel/`** – The core OS kernel
- **`userlib_sys/`** – C FFI bindings for kernel syscall
- **`userlib/`** – Rust wrapper on top of `userlib_sys` 
- **`picolib/`** – Built with ```just newlib```, and provides libc symbols when linking with C libraries 
- **`user-apps/`** – Collection of userspace programs (gif player, wav player, calculator, snake, etc.)
+- **`kernel/`** – The core OS kernel (task scheduling, drivers, memory, etc.)
+- **`abi_sys/`** – Shared application binary interface definitions for kernel ↔ userspace (Repr "C")
+- **`abi/`** – Rust focused ABI helpers and abstractions for easier development
+- **`user-apps/`** – Collection of userspace programs (calculator, snake, etc.)

 ## Features

 - Minimal Rust-based kernel targeting the PicoCalc
- Custom ABI for *Mostly* safe communication between kernel and applications
+- Custom ABI for safe communication between kernel and applications
 - Support for multiple user-space applications
- Hardware drivers tailored for the PicoCalc( Audio, Display, Keyboard, ans Storage )
+- Hardware drivers tailored for the PicoCalc

 ## Getting Started

--- a/userlib/Cargo.toml
+++ b/userlib/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 [package]
-name = "userlib"
+name = "abi"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"

 [dependencies]
-userlib_sys = { path = "../userlib_sys" }
+abi_sys = { path = "../abi_sys" }
 embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
 once_cell = { version = "1", default-features = false }
 rand_core = "0.9.3"
--- a/userlib/src/lib.rs
+++ b/userlib/src/lib.rs
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@

 extern crate alloc;

+pub use abi_sys::{self, keyboard};
+use abi_sys::{RngRequest, alloc, dealloc, keyboard::KeyEvent};
 pub use alloc::format;
 use core::alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout};
 use rand_core::RngCore;
-use userlib_sys::{RngRequest, keyboard::KeyEvent};
-pub use userlib_sys::{keyboard, print};

 #[global_allocator]
 static ALLOC: Alloc = Alloc;
@@ -16,37 +16,36 @@ struct Alloc;

 unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for Alloc {
    unsafe fn alloc(&self, layout: Layout) -> *mut u8 {
-        userlib_sys::alloc(layout.into())
+        alloc(layout.into())
    }

    unsafe fn dealloc(&self, ptr: *mut u8, layout: Layout) {
-        userlib_sys::dealloc(ptr, layout.into());
+        dealloc(ptr, layout.into());
    }
 }

 #[macro_export]
-macro_rules! println {
+macro_rules! print {
    ($($arg:tt)*) => {{
        let s = $crate::format!($($arg)*);
-        $crate::print(s.as_ptr(), s.len());
+        $crate::abi_sys::print(s.as_ptr(), s.len());
    }};
 }

 pub fn sleep(ms: u64) {
-    userlib_sys::sleep(ms);
+    abi_sys::sleep(ms);
 }

 pub fn get_ms() -> u64 {
-    userlib_sys::get_ms()
+    abi_sys::get_ms()
 }

 pub fn get_key() -> KeyEvent {
-    userlib_sys::keyboard::get_key().into()
+    abi_sys::keyboard::get_key().into()
 }

 pub mod display {
-    use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
-
+    use abi_sys::CPixel;
    use embedded_graphics::{
        Pixel,
        geometry::{Dimensions, Point},
@@ -54,35 +53,18 @@ pub mod display {
        prelude::{DrawTarget, Size},
        primitives::Rectangle,
    };
-    use userlib_sys::CPixel;

    pub const SCREEN_WIDTH: usize = 320;
    pub const SCREEN_HEIGHT: usize = 320;

    pub type Pixel565 = Pixel<Rgb565>;

-    const BUF_SIZE: usize = 1024;
+    const BUF_SIZE: usize = 15 * 1024; // tune this for performance
    static mut BUF: [CPixel; BUF_SIZE] = [CPixel::new(); BUF_SIZE];
+    // const BUF_SIZE: usize = 250 * 1024; // tune this for performance
+    // static mut BUF: Lazy<Vec<CPixel>> = Lazy::new(|| vec![const { CPixel::new() }; BUF_SIZE]);

-    static DISPLAY_TAKEN: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
-
-    pub struct Display {
-        _private: (),
-    }
-
-    impl Display {
-        /// Only one instance of Display can be taken
-        pub fn take() -> Option<Display> {
-            if DISPLAY_TAKEN
-                .compare_exchange(false, true, Ordering::Acquire, Ordering::Relaxed)
-                .is_ok()
-            {
-                Some(Self { _private: () })
-            } else {
-                None
-            }
-        }
-    }
+    pub struct Display;

    impl Dimensions for Display {
        fn bounding_box(&self) -> Rectangle {
@@ -110,13 +92,13 @@ pub mod display {
                count += 1;

                if count == BUF_SIZE - 1 {
-                    userlib_sys::draw_iter(unsafe { BUF.as_ptr() }, count);
+                    abi_sys::draw_iter(unsafe { BUF.as_ptr() }, count);
                    count = 0;
                }
            }

            if count > 0 {
-                userlib_sys::draw_iter(unsafe { BUF.as_ptr() }, count);
+                abi_sys::draw_iter(unsafe { BUF.as_ptr() }, count);
            }

            Ok(())
@@ -125,7 +107,7 @@ pub mod display {
 }

 fn gen_rand(req: &mut RngRequest) {
-    userlib_sys::gen_rand(req);
+    abi_sys::gen_rand(req);
 }

 pub struct Rng;
@@ -158,30 +140,20 @@ impl RngCore for Rng {
 }

 pub mod fs {
-    use alloc::vec::Vec;
    use core::fmt::Display;

-    pub fn read_file(file: &str, start_from: usize, buf: &mut [u8]) -> usize {
-        userlib_sys::read_file(
+    use alloc::{format, vec::Vec};
+
+    pub fn read_file(file: &str, read_from: usize, buf: &mut [u8]) -> usize {
+        abi_sys::read_file(
            file.as_ptr(),
            file.len(),
-            start_from,
+            read_from,
            buf.as_mut_ptr(),
            buf.len(),
        )
    }

-    pub fn write_file(file: &str, start_from: usize, buf: &[u8]) {
-        userlib_sys::write_file(
-            file.as_ptr(),
-            file.len(),
-            start_from,
-            buf.as_ptr(),
-            buf.len(),
-        )
-    }
-
-    #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
    pub struct FileName<'a> {
        full: &'a str,
        base: &'a str,
@@ -225,15 +197,9 @@ pub mod fs {
    const MAX_ENTRY_NAME_LEN: usize = 25;
    const MAX_ENTRIES: usize = 25;

-    #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+    #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
    pub struct Entries([[u8; MAX_ENTRY_NAME_LEN]; MAX_ENTRIES]);

-    impl Default for Entries {
-        fn default() -> Self {
-            Self::new()
-        }
-    }
-
    impl Entries {
        pub fn new() -> Self {
            Self([[0; MAX_ENTRY_NAME_LEN]; MAX_ENTRIES])
@@ -260,7 +226,7 @@ pub mod fs {
    }

    pub fn list_dir(path: &str, entries: &mut Entries) -> usize {
-        userlib_sys::list_dir(
+        abi_sys::list_dir(
            path.as_ptr(),
            path.len(),
            entries.as_ptrs().as_mut_ptr(),
@@ -270,14 +236,6 @@ pub mod fs {
    }

    pub fn file_len(str: &str) -> usize {
-        userlib_sys::file_len(str.as_ptr(), str.len())
-    }
-}
-
-pub mod audio {
-    pub use userlib_sys::{AUDIO_BUFFER_LEN, AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES, audio_buffer_ready};
-
-    pub fn send_audio_buffer(buf: &[u8]) {
-        userlib_sys::send_audio_buffer(buf.as_ptr(), buf.len())
+        abi_sys::file_len(str.as_ptr(), str.len())
    }
 }
--- a/userlib_sys/Cargo.toml
+++ b/userlib_sys/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [package]
-name = "userlib_sys"
+name = "abi_sys"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"

--- a/userlib_sys/src/lib.rs
+++ b/userlib_sys/src/lib.rs
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ use strum::{EnumCount, EnumIter};

 pub type EntryFn = fn();

-pub const SYS_CALL_TABLE_COUNT: usize = 14;
-const _: () = assert!(SYS_CALL_TABLE_COUNT == SyscallTable::COUNT);
+pub const ABI_CALL_TABLE_COUNT: usize = 11;
+const _: () = assert!(ABI_CALL_TABLE_COUNT == CallTable::COUNT);

 #[derive(Clone, Copy, EnumIter, EnumCount)]
 #[repr(u8)]
-pub enum SyscallTable {
+pub enum CallTable {
    Alloc = 0,
    Dealloc = 1,
    PrintString = 2,
@@ -28,15 +28,12 @@ pub enum SyscallTable {
    GenRand = 7,
    ListDir = 8,
    ReadFile = 9,
-    WriteFile = 10,
-    FileLen = 11,
-    AudioBufferReady = 12,
-    SendAudioBuffer = 13,
+    FileLen = 10,
 }

 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 #[unsafe(link_section = ".syscall_table")]
-pub static mut SYS_CALL_TABLE: [usize; SYS_CALL_TABLE_COUNT] = [0; SYS_CALL_TABLE_COUNT];
+pub static mut CALL_ABI_TABLE: [usize; ABI_CALL_TABLE_COUNT] = [0; ABI_CALL_TABLE_COUNT];

 #[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
 #[repr(C)]
@@ -46,9 +43,9 @@ pub struct CLayout {
 }

 #[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
-impl From<CLayout> for Layout {
-    fn from(val: CLayout) -> Self {
-        unsafe { Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(val.size, val.alignment) }
+impl Into<Layout> for CLayout {
+    fn into(self) -> Layout {
+        unsafe { Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(self.size, self.alignment) }
    }
 }

@@ -62,51 +59,51 @@ impl From<Layout> for CLayout {
    }
 }

-pub type Alloc = extern "C" fn(layout: CLayout) -> *mut u8;
+pub type AllocAbi = extern "C" fn(layout: CLayout) -> *mut u8;

 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn alloc(layout: CLayout) -> *mut u8 {
-    let f: Alloc = unsafe { core::mem::transmute(SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::Alloc as usize]) };
+    let f: AllocAbi = unsafe { core::mem::transmute(CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::Alloc as usize]) };
    f(layout)
 }

-pub type Dealloc = extern "C" fn(ptr: *mut u8, layout: CLayout);
+pub type DeallocAbi = extern "C" fn(ptr: *mut u8, layout: CLayout);

 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn dealloc(ptr: *mut u8, layout: CLayout) {
-    let f: Dealloc =
-        unsafe { core::mem::transmute(SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::Dealloc as usize]) };
+    let f: DeallocAbi =
+        unsafe { core::mem::transmute(CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::Dealloc as usize]) };
    f(ptr, layout)
 }

-pub type Print = extern "C" fn(ptr: *const u8, len: usize);
+pub type PrintAbi = extern "C" fn(ptr: *const u8, len: usize);

 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn print(ptr: *const u8, len: usize) {
-    let f: Print =
-        unsafe { core::mem::transmute(SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::PrintString as usize]) };
+    let f: PrintAbi =
+        unsafe { core::mem::transmute(CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::PrintString as usize]) };
    f(ptr, len);
 }

-pub type SleepMs = extern "C" fn(ms: u64);
+pub type SleepMsAbi = extern "C" fn(ms: u64);

 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn sleep(ms: u64) {
-    let f: SleepMs =
-        unsafe { core::mem::transmute(SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::SleepMs as usize]) };
+    let f: SleepMsAbi =
+        unsafe { core::mem::transmute(CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::SleepMs as usize]) };
    f(ms);
 }

-pub type GetMs = extern "C" fn() -> u64;
+pub type GetMsAbi = extern "C" fn() -> u64;

 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn get_ms() -> u64 {
-    let f: GetMs = unsafe { core::mem::transmute(SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::GetMs as usize]) };
+    let f: GetMsAbi = unsafe { core::mem::transmute(CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::GetMs as usize]) };
    f()
 }

 #[repr(C)]
-#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone)]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct CPixel {
    pub x: i32,
    pub y: i32,
@@ -123,36 +120,33 @@ impl CPixel {
    }
 }

-impl From<CPixel> for Pixel<Rgb565> {
-    fn from(value: CPixel) -> Self {
-        Pixel(
-            Point::new(value.x, value.y),
-            RawU16::new(value.color).into(),
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<Pixel<Rgb565>> for CPixel {
-    fn from(value: Pixel<Rgb565>) -> Self {
+impl Into<CPixel> for Pixel<Rgb565> {
+    fn into(self) -> CPixel {
        CPixel {
-            x: value.0.x,
-            y: value.0.y,
-            color: value.1.into_storage(),
+            x: self.0.x,
+            y: self.0.y,
+            color: self.1.into_storage(),
        }
    }
 }

-pub type DrawIter = extern "C" fn(ptr: *const CPixel, len: usize);
+impl Into<Pixel<Rgb565>> for CPixel {
+    fn into(self) -> Pixel<Rgb565> {
+        Pixel(Point::new(self.x, self.y), RawU16::new(self.color).into())
+    }
+}
+
+pub type DrawIterAbi = extern "C" fn(ptr: *const CPixel, len: usize);

 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn draw_iter(ptr: *const CPixel, len: usize) {
-    let f: DrawIter =
-        unsafe { core::mem::transmute(SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::DrawIter as usize]) };
+    let f: DrawIterAbi =
+        unsafe { core::mem::transmute(CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::DrawIter as usize]) };
    f(ptr, len);
 }

 pub mod keyboard {
-    use crate::{SYS_CALL_TABLE, SyscallTable};
+    use crate::{CALL_ABI_TABLE, CallTable};

    bitflags::bitflags! {
        #[derive(Default, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
@@ -174,12 +168,12 @@ pub mod keyboard {
        pub mods: Modifiers,
    }

-    impl From<KeyEventC> for KeyEvent {
-        fn from(val: KeyEventC) -> Self {
+    impl Into<KeyEvent> for KeyEventC {
+        fn into(self) -> KeyEvent {
            KeyEvent {
-                key: val.key.into(),
-                state: val.state,
-                mods: val.mods,
+                key: self.key.into(),
+                state: self.state,
+                mods: self.mods,
            }
        }
    }
@@ -191,12 +185,12 @@ pub mod keyboard {
        pub mods: Modifiers,
    }

-    impl From<KeyEvent> for KeyEventC {
-        fn from(val: KeyEvent) -> Self {
+    impl Into<KeyEventC> for KeyEvent {
+        fn into(self) -> KeyEventC {
            KeyEventC {
-                key: val.key.into(),
-                state: val.state,
-                mods: val.mods,
+                key: self.key.into(),
+                state: self.state,
+                mods: self.mods,
            }
        }
    }
@@ -270,9 +264,9 @@ pub mod keyboard {
        Unknown(u8),
    }

-    impl From<KeyCode> for u8 {
-        fn from(val: KeyCode) -> Self {
-            match val {
+    impl Into<u8> for KeyCode {
+        fn into(self) -> u8 {
+            match self {
                KeyCode::JoyUp => 0x01,
                KeyCode::JoyDown => 0x02,
                KeyCode::JoyLeft => 0x03,
@@ -370,12 +364,12 @@ pub mod keyboard {
        }
    }

-    pub type GetKey = extern "C" fn() -> KeyEventC;
+    pub type GetKeyAbi = extern "C" fn() -> KeyEventC;

    #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
    pub extern "C" fn get_key() -> KeyEventC {
-        let f: GetKey =
-            unsafe { core::mem::transmute(SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::GetKey as usize]) };
+        let f: GetKeyAbi =
+            unsafe { core::mem::transmute(CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::GetKey as usize]) };
        f()
    }
 }
@@ -392,7 +386,7 @@ pub type GenRand = extern "C" fn(req: &mut RngRequest);
 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn gen_rand(req: &mut RngRequest) {
    unsafe {
-        let ptr = SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::GenRand as usize];
+        let ptr = CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::GenRand as usize];
        let f: GenRand = core::mem::transmute(ptr);
        f(req)
    }
@@ -415,7 +409,7 @@ pub extern "C" fn list_dir(
    max_entry_str_len: usize,
 ) -> usize {
    unsafe {
-        let ptr = SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::ListDir as usize];
+        let ptr = CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::ListDir as usize];
        let f: ListDir = core::mem::transmute(ptr);
        f(str, len, entries, entry_count, max_entry_str_len)
    }
@@ -438,62 +432,19 @@ pub extern "C" fn read_file(
    buf_len: usize,
 ) -> usize {
    unsafe {
-        let ptr = SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::ReadFile as usize];
+        let ptr = CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::ReadFile as usize];
        let f: ReadFile = core::mem::transmute(ptr);
        f(str, len, read_from, buf, buf_len)
    }
 }

-pub type WriteFile =
-    extern "C" fn(str: *const u8, len: usize, write_from: usize, buf: *const u8, buf_len: usize);
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "C" fn write_file(
-    str: *const u8,
-    len: usize,
-    write_from: usize,
-    buf: *const u8,
-    buf_len: usize,
-) {
-    unsafe {
-        let ptr = SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::WriteFile as usize];
-        let f: WriteFile = core::mem::transmute(ptr);
-        f(str, len, write_from, buf, buf_len)
-    }
-}
-
 pub type FileLen = extern "C" fn(str: *const u8, len: usize) -> usize;

 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn file_len(str: *const u8, len: usize) -> usize {
    unsafe {
-        let ptr = SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::FileLen as usize];
+        let ptr = CALL_ABI_TABLE[CallTable::FileLen as usize];
        let f: FileLen = core::mem::transmute(ptr);
        f(str, len)
    }
 }
-
-pub type AudioBufferReady = extern "C" fn() -> bool;
-
-#[allow(unused)]
-pub fn audio_buffer_ready() -> bool {
-    unsafe {
-        let ptr = SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::AudioBufferReady as usize];
-        let f: AudioBufferReady = core::mem::transmute(ptr);
-        f()
-    }
-}
-
-pub const AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES: usize = 1024;
-pub const AUDIO_BUFFER_LEN: usize = AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES * 2;
-
-pub type SendAudioBuffer = extern "C" fn(ptr: *const u8, len: usize);
-
-#[allow(unused)]
-pub fn send_audio_buffer(buf: *const u8, len: usize) {
-    unsafe {
-        let ptr = SYS_CALL_TABLE[SyscallTable::SendAudioBuffer as usize];
-        let f: SendAudioBuffer = core::mem::transmute(ptr);
-        f(buf, len)
-    }
-}
--- a/47
+++ b/47
@@ -1,37 +1,13 @@
-target := "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"
-
 kernel-dev board:
-    cargo run --bin kernel --features {{board}}  --features fps --features defmt
-kernel-release-probe board:
-    cargo run --bin kernel --profile release --features {{board}} --features fps
+    cargo run --bin kernel --features {{board}}
 kernel-release board:
    cargo build --bin kernel --release --no-default-features --features {{board}}
-    elf2uf2-rs -d target/{{target}}/release/kernel
+    elf2uf2-rs -d target/thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf/release/kernel

 binary-args := "RUSTFLAGS=\"-C link-arg=-pie -C relocation-model=pic\""

 cbindgen:
-    cbindgen userlib_sys --output userlib_sys.h -q
-
-newlib:
-    #!/bin/bash
-    cd picolibc
-    mkdir build
-    cd build
-    CONFIG_PICOLIBC=true ../scripts/do-configure thumbv8m_main_fp-none-eabi \
-        --buildtype=minsize \
-        -Dtests=true \
-        -Dtinystdio=false \
-        -Dsingle-thread=true \
-        -Db_pie=true \
-        -Ddefault_library=static \
-        -Dtinystdio=false \
-        -Dnewlib-nano-malloc=true \
-        -Dmultilib=false \
-        -Dpicolib=true \
-        "$@" 
-    DESTDIR=./install meson install
-    ninja
+    cbindgen abi_sys --output abi_sys.h -q

 userapp app:
     {{binary-args}} cargo build --bin {{app}} --profile release-binary
@@ -41,20 +17,3 @@ userapps: cbindgen
    just userapp snake
    just userapp gallery
    just userapp gif
-    just userapp wav_player
-
-copy-userapp app:
-    cp ./target/{{target}}/release-binary/{{app}} /run/media/$(whoami)/PICOCALC/{{app}}.bin
-
-copy-userapps:
-    #!/bin/bash
-    just userapps
-    just copy-userapp calculator
-    just copy-userapp snake
-    just copy-userapp gallery
-    just copy-userapp gif
-    just copy-userapp wav_player
-
-    DEV=$(lsblk -o LABEL,NAME -nr | awk -v L="PICOCALC" '$1==L {print "/dev/" $2}')
-    udisksctl unmount -b "$DEV"
-    udisksctl power-off -b "$DEV"    
--- a/kernel/Cargo.toml
+++ b/kernel/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,14 +11,11 @@ doctest = false
 bench = false

 [features]
-default = ["rp235x"]
-pimoroni2w = ["rp235x", "psram"]
-# rp2040 = ["embassy-rp/rp2040"] # unsupported, ram too small for fb
+default = ["rp235x", "defmt"]
+pimoroni2w = ["rp235x"]
+rp2040 = ["embassy-rp/rp2040"]
 rp235x = ["embassy-rp/rp235xb"]
 trouble = ["dep:bt-hci", "dep:cyw43", "dep:cyw43-pio", "dep:trouble-host"]
-psram = ["dep:embedded-alloc"]
-overclock = []
-fps = []
 defmt = [
  "dep:defmt",
  "panic-probe/print-defmt",
@@ -73,17 +70,16 @@ panic-probe = "0.3"
 portable-atomic = { version = "1.11", features = ["critical-section"] }
 assign-resources = "0.5.0"

-defmt = { version = "1.0.1", optional = true }
-defmt-rtt = "1.1.0"
+defmt = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
+defmt-rtt = "0.4.2"

 embedded-sdmmc = { version = "0.9", default-features = false }
 st7365p-lcd = { git = "https://github.com/legitcamper/st7365p-lcd-rs", rev = "a784b9e6df0769371dfc522528e770cf8fc6403a" } # async branch
 embedded-graphics = { version = "0.8.1" }
 embedded-text = "0.7.2"
 embedded-layout = "0.4.2"
+kolibri-embedded-gui = "0.1.0"

-micromath = "2.1.0"
-fixed = "1.29.0"
 strum = { version = "0.27.2", default-features = false }
 rand = { version = "0.9.0", default-features = false }
 once_cell = { version = "1.21.3", default-features = false }
@@ -94,9 +90,7 @@ spin = "0.10.0"
 num_enum = { version = "0.7.4", default-features = false }
 goblin = { version = "0.10.1", default-features = false, features = ["elf32"] }
 talc = "4.4.3"
-embedded-alloc = { version = "0.6.0", features = [
-  "allocator_api",
-], optional = true }
+embedded-alloc = { version = "0.6.0", features = ["allocator_api"] }
 bumpalo = "3.19.0"

-userlib_sys = { path = "../userlib_sys" }
+abi_sys = { path = "../abi_sys" }
--- a/kernel/build.rs
+++ b/kernel/build.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::PathBuf;

 #[cfg(all(feature = "rp235x", not(feature = "pimoroni2w")))]
-const MEMORY: &[u8] = include_bytes!("rp2350.x");
+const MEMORY: &'static [u8] = include_bytes!("rp2350.x");
 #[cfg(feature = "pimoroni2w")]
 const MEMORY: &'static [u8] = include_bytes!("rp2350.x");

--- a/kernel/src/syscalls.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/syscalls.rs
@@ -1,60 +1,46 @@
+use abi_sys::{
+    AllocAbi, CLayout, CPixel, DeallocAbi, DrawIterAbi, FileLen, GenRand, GetMsAbi, ListDir,
+    PrintAbi, ReadFile, RngRequest, SleepMsAbi, keyboard::*,
+};
 use alloc::{string::ToString, vec::Vec};
-use core::{ffi::c_char, ptr, sync::atomic::Ordering};
+use core::{alloc::GlobalAlloc, ffi::c_char, ptr, sync::atomic::Ordering};
 use embassy_rp::clocks::{RoscRng, clk_sys_freq};
 use embassy_time::Instant;
 use embedded_graphics::draw_target::DrawTarget;
 use embedded_sdmmc::LfnBuffer;
 use heapless::spsc::Queue;
-use userlib_sys::{
-    AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES, Alloc, AudioBufferReady, CLayout, CPixel, Dealloc, DrawIter, FileLen,
-    GenRand, GetMs, ListDir, Print, ReadFile, RngRequest, SendAudioBuffer, SleepMs, WriteFile,
-    keyboard::*,
-};
-
-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-use crate::heap::HEAP;
-
-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-use core::alloc::GlobalAlloc;

 use crate::{
-    audio::{AUDIO_BUFFER, AUDIO_BUFFER_READY, AUDIO_BUFFER_WRITTEN},
    display::FRAMEBUFFER,
    framebuffer::FB_PAUSED,
    storage::{Dir, File, SDCARD},
 };

-const _: Alloc = alloc;
+const _: AllocAbi = alloc;
 pub extern "C" fn alloc(layout: CLayout) -> *mut u8 {
    // SAFETY: caller guarantees layout is valid
    unsafe {
-        #[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-        {
-            return HEAP.alloc(layout.into());
-        }
-
-        #[cfg(not(feature = "psram"))]
-        {
+        if cfg!(feature = "pimoroni2w") {
+            crate::heap::HEAP.alloc(layout.into())
+        } else {
            alloc::alloc::alloc(layout.into())
        }
    }
 }

-const _: Dealloc = dealloc;
+const _: DeallocAbi = dealloc;
 pub extern "C" fn dealloc(ptr: *mut u8, layout: CLayout) {
    // SAFETY: caller guarantees ptr and layout are valid
-    #[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-    {
-        unsafe { HEAP.dealloc(ptr, layout.into()) }
+    unsafe {
+        if cfg!(feature = "pimoroni2w") {
+            crate::heap::HEAP.dealloc(ptr, layout.into())
+        } else {
+            alloc::alloc::dealloc(ptr, layout.into())
        }
-
-    #[cfg(not(feature = "psram"))]
-    {
-        unsafe { alloc::alloc::dealloc(ptr, layout.into()) }
    }
 }

-const _: Print = print;
+const _: PrintAbi = print;
 pub extern "C" fn print(ptr: *const u8, len: usize) {
    // SAFETY: caller guarantees `ptr` is valid for `len` bytes
    let slice = unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, len) };
@@ -68,7 +54,7 @@ pub extern "C" fn print(ptr: *const u8, len: usize) {
    }
 }

-const _: SleepMs = sleep;
+const _: SleepMsAbi = sleep;
 pub extern "C" fn sleep(ms: u64) {
    let cycles_per_ms = clk_sys_freq() / 1000;
    let total_cycles = ms * cycles_per_ms as u64;
@@ -80,14 +66,14 @@ pub extern "C" fn sleep(ms: u64) {

 pub static mut MS_SINCE_LAUNCH: Option<Instant> = None;

-const _: GetMs = get_ms;
+const _: GetMsAbi = get_ms;
 pub extern "C" fn get_ms() -> u64 {
    Instant::now()
        .duration_since(unsafe { MS_SINCE_LAUNCH.unwrap() })
        .as_millis()
 }

-const _: DrawIter = draw_iter;
+const _: DrawIterAbi = draw_iter;
 pub extern "C" fn draw_iter(cpixels: *const CPixel, len: usize) {
    // SAFETY: caller guarantees `ptr` is valid for `len` bytes
    let cpixels = unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts(cpixels, len) };
@@ -101,7 +87,7 @@ pub extern "C" fn draw_iter(cpixels: *const CPixel, len: usize) {

 pub static mut KEY_CACHE: Queue<KeyEvent, 32> = Queue::new();

-const _: GetKey = get_key;
+const _: GetKeyAbi = get_key;
 pub extern "C" fn get_key() -> KeyEventC {
    if let Some(event) = unsafe { KEY_CACHE.dequeue() } {
        event.into()
@@ -134,7 +120,7 @@ unsafe fn copy_entry_to_user_buf(name: &[u8], dest: *mut c_char, max_str_len: us
    if !dest.is_null() {
        let len = name.len().min(max_str_len - 1);
        unsafe {
-            ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(name.as_ptr(), dest, len);
+            ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(name.as_ptr(), dest as *mut u8, len);
            *dest.add(len) = 0; // nul terminator
        }
    }
@@ -191,7 +177,7 @@ pub extern "C" fn list_dir(

    let mut wrote = 0;
    sd.access_root_dir(|root| {
-        if dirs[0].is_empty() && dirs.len() >= 2 {
+        if dirs[0] == "" && dirs.len() >= 2 {
            unsafe {
                if dir == "/" {
                    wrote = get_dir_entries(&root, files, max_entry_str_len);
@@ -214,14 +200,13 @@ fn recurse_file<T>(
        let mut buf = LfnBuffer::new(&mut b);
        let mut short_name = None;
        dir.iterate_dir_lfn(&mut buf, |entry, name| {
-            if let Some(name) = name
-                && (name == dirs[0] || entry.name.to_string().as_str() == dirs[0])
-            {
+            if let Some(name) = name {
+                if name == dirs[0] || entry.name.to_string().as_str() == dirs[0] {
                    short_name = Some(entry.name.clone());
                }
+            }
        })
-        .expect("Failed to iterate dir");
-
+        .unwrap();
        if let Some(name) = short_name {
            let mut file = dir
                .open_file_in_dir(name, embedded_sdmmc::Mode::ReadWriteAppend)
@@ -245,19 +230,9 @@ pub extern "C" fn read_file(
 ) -> usize {
    // SAFETY: caller guarantees `ptr` is valid for `len` bytes
    let file = unsafe { core::str::from_raw_parts(str, len) };
-
-    let mut components: [&str; 8] = [""; 8];
-    let mut count = 0;
-    for part in file.split('/') {
-        if count >= components.len() {
-            break;
-        }
-        components[count] = part;
-        count += 1;
-    }
-
+    let file: Vec<&str> = file.split('/').collect();
    // SAFETY: caller guarantees `ptr` is valid for `len` bytes
-    let buf = unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(buf, buf_len) };
+    let mut buf = unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(buf, buf_len) };

    let mut read = 0;

@@ -265,9 +240,9 @@ pub extern "C" fn read_file(
    let sd = guard.as_mut().unwrap();
    if !file.is_empty() {
        sd.access_root_dir(|root| {
-            if let Ok(result) = recurse_file(&root, &components[1..count], |file| {
-                file.seek_from_start(start_from as u32).unwrap_or(());
-                file.read(buf).unwrap()
+            if let Ok(result) = recurse_file(&root, &file[1..], |file| {
+                file.seek_from_start(start_from as u32).unwrap();
+                file.read(&mut buf).unwrap()
            }) {
                read = result
            };
@@ -276,46 +251,9 @@ pub extern "C" fn read_file(
    read
 }

-const _: WriteFile = write_file;
-pub extern "C" fn write_file(
-    str: *const u8,
-    len: usize,
-    start_from: usize,
-    buf: *const u8,
-    buf_len: usize,
-) {
-    // SAFETY: caller guarantees str ptr is valid for `len` bytes
-    let file = unsafe { core::str::from_raw_parts(str, len) };
-
-    let mut components: [&str; 8] = [""; 8];
-    let mut count = 0;
-    for part in file.split('/') {
-        if count >= components.len() {
-            break;
-        }
-        components[count] = part;
-        count += 1;
-    }
-
-    // SAFETY: caller guarantees buf ptr is valid for `buf_len` bytes
-    let buf = unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts(buf, buf_len) };
-
-    let mut guard = SDCARD.get().try_lock().expect("Failed to get sdcard");
-    let sd = guard.as_mut().unwrap();
-    if !file.is_empty() {
-        sd.access_root_dir(|root| {
-            recurse_file(&root, &components[1..count], |file| {
-                file.seek_from_start(start_from as u32).unwrap();
-                file.write(buf).unwrap()
-            })
-            .unwrap_or(())
-        });
-    };
-}
-
 const _: FileLen = file_len;
 pub extern "C" fn file_len(str: *const u8, len: usize) -> usize {
-    // SAFETY: caller guarantees str ptr is valid for `len` bytes
+    // SAFETY: caller guarantees `ptr` is valid for `len` bytes
    let file = unsafe { core::str::from_raw_parts(str, len) };
    let file: Vec<&str> = file.split('/').collect();

@@ -332,31 +270,3 @@ pub extern "C" fn file_len(str: *const u8, len: usize) -> usize {
    }
    len as usize
 }
-
-const _: AudioBufferReady = audio_buffer_ready;
-pub extern "C" fn audio_buffer_ready() -> bool {
-    AUDIO_BUFFER_READY.load(Ordering::Acquire)
-}
-
-const _: SendAudioBuffer = send_audio_buffer;
-pub extern "C" fn send_audio_buffer(ptr: *const u8, len: usize) {
-    // SAFETY: caller guarantees `ptr` is valid for `len` bytes
-    let buf = unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, len) };
-
-    while !AUDIO_BUFFER_READY.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
-        core::hint::spin_loop();
-    }
-
-    if buf.len() == AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES * 2 {
-        AUDIO_BUFFER_READY.store(false, Ordering::Release);
-        unsafe { AUDIO_BUFFER.copy_from_slice(buf) };
-        AUDIO_BUFFER_WRITTEN.store(true, Ordering::Release);
-    } else {
-        #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
-        defmt::warn!(
-            "user audio stream was wrong size: {} should be {}",
-            buf.len(),
-            AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES * 2
-        )
-    }
-}
--- a/kernel/src/audio.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/audio.rs
@@ -1,174 +0,0 @@
-use crate::Audio;
-use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
-use embassy_futures::{join::join, yield_now};
-use embassy_rp::{
-    Peri,
-    clocks::clk_sys_freq,
-    dma::{AnyChannel, Channel},
-    gpio::Level,
-    pio::{
-        Common, Config, Direction, FifoJoin, Instance, LoadedProgram, PioPin, ShiftConfig,
-        StateMachine, program::pio_asm,
-    },
-};
-use fixed::traits::ToFixed;
-
-pub const SAMPLE_RATE_HZ: u32 = 22_050;
-const AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES: usize = 1024;
-const _: () = assert!(AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES == userlib_sys::AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES);
-
-const SILENCE: u8 = u8::MAX / 2;
-
-// 8bit stereo interleaved PCM audio buffers
-pub static mut AUDIO_BUFFER: [u8; AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES * 2] = [SILENCE; AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES * 2];
-static mut AUDIO_BUFFER_1: [u8; AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES * 2] = [SILENCE; AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES * 2];
-
-pub static AUDIO_BUFFER_READY: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(true);
-pub static AUDIO_BUFFER_WRITTEN: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
-
-pub fn clear_audio_buffers() {
-    unsafe {
-        AUDIO_BUFFER.fill(SILENCE);
-        AUDIO_BUFFER_1.fill(SILENCE);
-    }
-}
-
-#[embassy_executor::task]
-pub async fn audio_handler(mut audio: Audio) {
-    let prg = PioPwmAudioProgram8Bit::new(&mut audio.pio);
-    let mut pwm_pio_left =
-        PioPwmAudio::new(audio.dma0, &mut audio.pio, audio.sm0, audio.left, &prg);
-    let mut pwm_pio_right =
-        PioPwmAudio::new(audio.dma1, &mut audio.pio, audio.sm1, audio.right, &prg);
-
-    loop {
-        unsafe {
-            if AUDIO_BUFFER_WRITTEN.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
-                write_samples(&mut pwm_pio_left, &mut pwm_pio_right, &AUDIO_BUFFER_1).await;
-                AUDIO_BUFFER_1.fill(SILENCE);
-                core::mem::swap(&mut AUDIO_BUFFER, &mut AUDIO_BUFFER_1);
-                AUDIO_BUFFER_READY.store(true, Ordering::Release)
-            } else {
-                yield_now().await;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-async fn write_samples<PIO: Instance>(
-    left: &mut PioPwmAudio<'static, PIO, 0>,
-    right: &mut PioPwmAudio<'static, PIO, 1>,
-    buf: &[u8],
-) {
-    // pack two samples per word
-    static mut PACKED_BUF_L: [u32; AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES / 2] = [0; AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES / 2];
-    static mut PACKED_BUF_R: [u32; AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES / 2] = [0; AUDIO_BUFFER_SAMPLES / 2];
-
-    unsafe {
-        for ((pl, pr), sample) in PACKED_BUF_L
-            .iter_mut()
-            .zip(PACKED_BUF_R.iter_mut())
-            .zip(buf.chunks(4))
-        {
-            *pl = pack_u8_samples(sample[0], sample[2]);
-            *pr = pack_u8_samples(sample[1], sample[3]);
-        }
-
-        let left_fut = left
-            .sm
-            .tx()
-            .dma_push(left.dma.reborrow(), &PACKED_BUF_L, false);
-
-        let right_fut = right
-            .sm
-            .tx()
-            .dma_push(right.dma.reborrow(), &PACKED_BUF_R, false);
-
-        join(left_fut, right_fut).await;
-    }
-}
-
-struct PioPwmAudioProgram8Bit<'d, PIO: Instance>(LoadedProgram<'d, PIO>);
-
-/// Writes one sample to pwm as high and low time
-impl<'d, PIO: Instance> PioPwmAudioProgram8Bit<'d, PIO> {
-    fn new(common: &mut Common<'d, PIO>) -> Self {
-        // only uses 16 bits top for pwm high, bottom for pwm low
-        // allows storing two samples per word
-        let prg = pio_asm!(
-            ".side_set 1",
-
-            "set x, 0 side 1",
-            "set y, 0 side 0",
-            ".wrap_target",
-
-            "check:",
-            "pull ifempty noblock side 1", // gets new osr or loads 0 into x, gets second sample if osr not empty
-            "out x, 8 side 0", // pwm high time
-            "out y, 8 side 1", // pwm low time
-            "jmp x!=y play_sample side 0", // x & y are never equal unless osr was empty
-            "set x, 1 side 1",
-            "set y, 1 side 0",
-
-            "play_sample:"
-            "loop_high:",
-            "jmp x-- loop_high side 1", // keep pwm high, decrement X until 0
-            "loop_low:",
-            "jmp y-- loop_low side 0", // keep pwm low, decrement Y until 0
-            ".wrap"
-        );
-
-        let prg = common.load_program(&prg.program);
-
-        Self(prg)
-    }
-}
-
-struct PioPwmAudio<'d, PIO: Instance, const SM: usize> {
-    dma: Peri<'d, AnyChannel>,
-    sm: StateMachine<'d, PIO, SM>,
-}
-
-impl<'d, PIO: Instance, const SM: usize> PioPwmAudio<'d, PIO, SM> {
-    fn new(
-        dma: Peri<'d, impl Channel>,
-        pio: &mut Common<'d, PIO>,
-        mut sm: StateMachine<'d, PIO, SM>,
-        pin: Peri<'d, impl PioPin>,
-        prg: &PioPwmAudioProgram8Bit<'d, PIO>,
-    ) -> Self {
-        let pin = pio.make_pio_pin(pin);
-        sm.set_pins(Level::High, &[&pin]);
-        sm.set_pin_dirs(Direction::Out, &[&pin]);
-
-        let mut cfg = Config::default();
-        cfg.fifo_join = FifoJoin::TxOnly;
-        let shift_cfg = ShiftConfig {
-            auto_fill: false,
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-        cfg.shift_out = shift_cfg;
-        cfg.use_program(&prg.0, &[&pin]);
-        sm.set_config(&cfg);
-
-        let target_clock = (u8::MAX as u32 + 1) * SAMPLE_RATE_HZ;
-        let divider = (clk_sys_freq() / target_clock).to_fixed();
-        sm.set_clock_divider(divider);
-
-        sm.set_enable(true);
-
-        Self {
-            dma: dma.into(),
-            sm,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// packs two u8 samples into 32bit word
-fn pack_u8_samples(sample1: u8, sample2: u8) -> u32 {
-    (u8_pcm_to_pwm(sample1) as u32) << 16 | u8_pcm_to_pwm(sample2) as u32
-}
-
-fn u8_pcm_to_pwm(sample: u8) -> u16 {
-    ((sample as u16) << 8) | ((u8::MAX - sample) as u16)
-}
--- a/kernel/src/display.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/display.rs
@@ -1,27 +1,21 @@
 use crate::framebuffer::{self, AtomicFrameBuffer, FB_PAUSED};
+use core::alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout};
 use core::sync::atomic::Ordering;
-use embassy_futures::yield_now;
 use embassy_rp::{
    Peri,
    gpio::{Level, Output},
    peripherals::{PIN_13, PIN_14, PIN_15, SPI1},
    spi::{Async, Spi},
 };
-use embassy_time::Delay;
+use embassy_time::{Delay, Timer};
+use embedded_graphics::{
+    pixelcolor::Rgb565,
+    prelude::{DrawTarget, RgbColor},
+};
 use embedded_hal_bus::spi::ExclusiveDevice;
 use st7365p_lcd::ST7365P;

-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-use crate::heap::HEAP;
-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-use core::alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout};
-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-use embedded_graphics::{draw_target::DrawTarget, pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::RgbColor};
-
-#[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-pub use framebuffer::fps::{FPS_CANVAS, FPS_COUNTER};
-
-type Display = ST7365P<
+type DISPLAY = ST7365P<
    ExclusiveDevice<Spi<'static, SPI1, Async>, Output<'static>, Delay>,
    Output<'static>,
    Output<'static>,
@@ -35,21 +29,18 @@ pub static mut FRAMEBUFFER: Option<AtomicFrameBuffer> = None;

 fn init_fb() {
    unsafe {
-        #[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-        {
-            let slab = HEAP.alloc(Layout::array::<u16>(framebuffer::SIZE).unwrap()) as *mut u16;
+        FRAMEBUFFER = Some(if cfg!(not(feature = "pimoroni2w")) {
+            static mut BUF: [u16; framebuffer::SIZE] = [0; framebuffer::SIZE];
+            AtomicFrameBuffer::new(&mut BUF)
+        } else {
+            let slab = crate::heap::HEAP.alloc(Layout::array::<u16>(framebuffer::SIZE).unwrap())
+                as *mut u16;
            let buf = core::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(slab, framebuffer::SIZE);

            let mut fb = AtomicFrameBuffer::new(buf);
            fb.clear(Rgb565::BLACK).unwrap();
-            FRAMEBUFFER = Some(fb);
-        }
-
-        #[cfg(not(feature = "psram"))]
-        {
-            static mut BUF: [u16; framebuffer::SIZE] = [0; framebuffer::SIZE];
-            FRAMEBUFFER = Some(AtomicFrameBuffer::new(&mut BUF));
-        }
+            fb
+        });
    }
 }

@@ -58,7 +49,7 @@ pub async fn init_display(
    cs: Peri<'static, PIN_13>,
    data: Peri<'static, PIN_14>,
    reset: Peri<'static, PIN_15>,
-) -> Display {
+) -> DISPLAY {
    init_fb();

    let spi_device = ExclusiveDevice::new(spi, Output::new(cs, Level::Low), Delay).unwrap();
@@ -86,22 +77,8 @@ pub async fn init_display(
 }

 #[embassy_executor::task]
-pub async fn display_handler(mut display: Display) {
-    use embassy_time::{Instant, Timer};
-
-    // Target ~60 Hz refresh (≈16.67 ms per frame)
-    const FRAME_TIME_MS: u64 = 1000 / 60;
-
+pub async fn display_handler(mut display: DISPLAY) {
    loop {
-        let start = Instant::now();
-
-        #[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-        unsafe {
-            if FPS_COUNTER.should_draw() {
-                FPS_CANVAS.draw_fps().await;
-            }
-        }
-
        if !FB_PAUSED.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
            unsafe {
                FRAMEBUFFER
@@ -109,15 +86,11 @@ pub async fn display_handler(mut display: Display) {
                    .unwrap()
                    .partial_draw(&mut display)
                    .await
-                    .unwrap();
-            }
+                    .unwrap()
+            };
        }

-        let elapsed = start.elapsed().as_millis();
-        if elapsed < FRAME_TIME_MS {
-            Timer::after_millis(FRAME_TIME_MS - elapsed).await;
-        } else {
-            yield_now().await;
-        }
+        // small yield to allow other tasks to run
+        Timer::after_nanos(500).await;
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/elf.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/elf.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 use crate::{
+    abi,
    storage::{File, SDCARD},
-    syscalls,
 };
+use abi_sys::CallTable;
+use abi_sys::EntryFn;
 use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
 use bumpalo::Bump;
 use core::ptr;
@@ -16,7 +18,6 @@ use goblin::{
    elf32::{header, reloc::Rel, section_header::SectionHeader, sym::Sym},
 };
 use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
-use userlib_sys::{EntryFn, SyscallTable};

 const ELF32_HDR_SIZE: usize = 52;

@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ pub async unsafe fn load_binary(name: &ShortFileName) -> Option<(EntryFn, Bump)>
            let mut ph_buf = vec![0_u8; elf_header.e_phentsize as usize];

            let (total_size, min_vaddr, _max_vaddr) =
-                total_loadable_size(&mut file, elf_header, &mut ph_buf);
+                total_loadable_size(&mut file, &elf_header, &mut ph_buf);

            let bump = Bump::with_capacity(total_size);
            let base = bump.alloc_slice_fill_default::<u8>(total_size);
@@ -52,22 +53,25 @@ pub async unsafe fn load_binary(name: &ShortFileName) -> Option<(EntryFn, Bump)>
                let ph = cast_phdr(&ph_buf);

                let seg_offset = (ph.p_vaddr - min_vaddr) as usize;
-                let segment = &mut base[seg_offset..seg_offset + ph.p_memsz as usize];
+                let mut segment = &mut base[seg_offset..seg_offset + ph.p_memsz as usize];

                if ph.p_type == PT_LOAD {
-                    load_segment(&mut file, &ph, segment).unwrap();
+                    load_segment(&mut file, &ph, &mut segment).unwrap();
                }
            }

            for i in 0..elf_header.e_shnum {
                let sh = read_section(&mut file, elf_header, i.into());

-                if sh.sh_type == SHT_REL {
+                match sh.sh_type {
+                    SHT_REL => {
                        apply_relocations(&sh, min_vaddr, base.as_mut_ptr(), &mut file).unwrap();
                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
            }

-            patch_syscalls(elf_header, base.as_mut_ptr(), min_vaddr, &mut file).unwrap();
+            patch_abi(&elf_header, base.as_mut_ptr(), min_vaddr, &mut file).unwrap();

            // entry pointer is base_ptr + (entry - min_vaddr)
            let entry_ptr: EntryFn = unsafe {
@@ -147,14 +151,14 @@ fn apply_relocations(
    Ok(())
 }

-fn patch_syscalls(
+fn patch_abi(
    elf_header: &Header,
    base: *mut u8,
    min_vaddr: u32,
    file: &mut File,
 ) -> Result<(), ()> {
    for i in 1..=elf_header.e_shnum {
-        let sh = read_section(file, elf_header, i.into());
+        let sh = read_section(file, &elf_header, i.into());

        // find the symbol table
        if sh.sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB {
@@ -169,7 +173,7 @@ fn patch_syscalls(
                    &symtab_buf[i * sh.sh_entsize as usize..(i + 1) * sh.sh_entsize as usize];
                let sym = cast_sym(sym_bytes);

-                let str_sh = read_section(file, elf_header, sh.sh_link);
+                let str_sh = read_section(file, &elf_header, sh.sh_link);

                let mut name = Vec::new();
                file.seek_from_start(str_sh.sh_offset + sym.st_name)
@@ -185,30 +189,27 @@ fn patch_syscalls(
                }

                let symbol_name = core::str::from_utf8(&name).unwrap();
-                if symbol_name == stringify!(SYS_CALL_TABLE) {
+                if symbol_name == "CALL_ABI_TABLE" {
                    let table_base =
                        unsafe { base.add((sym.st_value as usize) - min_vaddr as usize) }
                            as *mut usize;

-                    for (idx, call) in SyscallTable::iter().enumerate() {
+                    for (idx, call) in CallTable::iter().enumerate() {
                        let ptr = match call {
-                            SyscallTable::Alloc => syscalls::alloc as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::Dealloc => syscalls::dealloc as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::PrintString => syscalls::print as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::SleepMs => syscalls::sleep as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::GetMs => syscalls::get_ms as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::DrawIter => syscalls::draw_iter as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::GetKey => syscalls::get_key as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::GenRand => syscalls::gen_rand as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::ListDir => syscalls::list_dir as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::ReadFile => syscalls::read_file as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::WriteFile => syscalls::write_file as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::FileLen => syscalls::file_len as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::AudioBufferReady => syscalls::audio_buffer_ready as usize,
-                            SyscallTable::SendAudioBuffer => syscalls::send_audio_buffer as usize,
+                            CallTable::Alloc => abi::alloc as usize,
+                            CallTable::Dealloc => abi::dealloc as usize,
+                            CallTable::PrintString => abi::print as usize,
+                            CallTable::SleepMs => abi::sleep as usize,
+                            CallTable::GetMs => abi::get_ms as usize,
+                            CallTable::DrawIter => abi::draw_iter as usize,
+                            CallTable::GetKey => abi::get_key as usize,
+                            CallTable::GenRand => abi::gen_rand as usize,
+                            CallTable::ListDir => abi::list_dir as usize,
+                            CallTable::ReadFile => abi::read_file as usize,
+                            CallTable::FileLen => abi::file_len as usize,
                        };
                        unsafe {
-                            table_base.add(idx).write(ptr);
+                            table_base.add(idx as usize).write(ptr);
                        }
                    }
                    return Ok(());
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ fn total_loadable_size(
        file.seek_from_start(elf_header.e_phoff + (elf_header.e_phentsize * i) as u32)
            .unwrap();
        file.read(ph_buf).unwrap();
-        let ph = cast_phdr(ph_buf);
+        let ph = cast_phdr(&ph_buf);

        if ph.p_type == PT_LOAD {
            if ph.p_vaddr < min_vaddr {
--- a/kernel/src/framebuffer.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/framebuffer.rs
@@ -13,9 +13,6 @@ use embedded_hal_2::digital::OutputPin;
 use embedded_hal_async::{delay::DelayNs, spi::SpiDevice};
 use st7365p_lcd::ST7365P;

-#[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-use fps::{FPS_CANVAS, FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT, FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH, FPS_CANVAS_X, FPS_CANVAS_Y};
-
 const TILE_SIZE: usize = 16; // 16x16 tile
 const TILE_COUNT: usize = (SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE) * (SCREEN_HEIGHT / TILE_SIZE); // 400 tiles
 const NUM_TILE_ROWS: usize = SCREEN_WIDTH / TILE_SIZE;
@@ -46,7 +43,7 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
    }

    fn mark_tiles_dirty(&mut self, rect: Rectangle) {
-        let tiles_x = SCREEN_WIDTH.div_ceil(TILE_SIZE);
+        let tiles_x = (SCREEN_WIDTH + TILE_SIZE - 1) / TILE_SIZE;
        let start_tx = (rect.top_left.x as usize) / TILE_SIZE;
        let end_tx = ((rect.top_left.x + rect.size.width as i32 - 1) as usize) / TILE_SIZE;
        let start_ty = (rect.top_left.y as usize) / TILE_SIZE;
@@ -133,34 +130,9 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
            tile.store(false, Ordering::Release);
        }

-        #[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-        unsafe {
-            crate::display::FPS_COUNTER.measure()
-        }
-
        Ok(())
    }

-    // used when doing a full screen refresh fps must be drawn into fb
-    // unfortunately it is not garenteed to not be drawn over before
-    // being pushed to the display
-    #[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-    pub fn draw_fps_into_fb(&mut self) {
-        unsafe {
-            let canvas = &FPS_CANVAS.canvas;
-
-            for y in 0..FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT {
-                let fb_y = FPS_CANVAS_Y + y;
-                let fb_row_start = fb_y * SCREEN_WIDTH + FPS_CANVAS_X;
-                let canvas_row_start = y * FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH;
-
-                self.fb[fb_row_start..fb_row_start + FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH].copy_from_slice(
-                    &canvas[canvas_row_start..canvas_row_start + FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH],
-                );
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
    // copy N tiles horizontally to the right into batch tile buf
    fn append_tiles_to_batch(
        &mut self,
@@ -180,45 +152,6 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
                &self.fb[fb_row_offset..fb_row_offset + (total_tiles as usize * TILE_SIZE)];

            batch_row.copy_from_slice(fb_row);
-
-            // override fps pixel region with fps
-            // avoids writing to fps, and having it overridden before draw
-            #[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-            {
-                let global_y = tile_y as usize * TILE_SIZE + batch_row_num;
-
-                if global_y >= FPS_CANVAS_Y && global_y < FPS_CANVAS_Y + FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT {
-                    let start_x = tile_x as usize * TILE_SIZE;
-                    let end_x = start_x + (total_tiles as usize * TILE_SIZE);
-
-                    // horizontal overlap check
-                    let fps_x0 = FPS_CANVAS_X;
-                    let fps_x1 = FPS_CANVAS_X + FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH;
-
-                    let x0 = start_x.max(fps_x0);
-                    let x1 = end_x.min(fps_x1);
-
-                    if x1 > x0 {
-                        let row_in_fps = global_y - FPS_CANVAS_Y;
-                        let fps_off = row_in_fps
-                            .checked_mul(FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH)
-                            .and_then(|v| v.checked_add(x0 - fps_x0));
-                        let batch_off = x0 - start_x;
-                        let len = x1 - x0;
-
-                        if let Some(fps_off) = fps_off {
-                            let fps_len_ok = fps_off + len <= unsafe { FPS_CANVAS.canvas.len() };
-                            let batch_len_ok = batch_off + len <= batch_row.len();
-
-                            if fps_len_ok && batch_len_ok {
-                                batch_row[batch_off..batch_off + len].copy_from_slice(unsafe {
-                                    &FPS_CANVAS.canvas[fps_off..fps_off + len]
-                                });
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
        }
    }

@@ -234,25 +167,9 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
        DELAY: DelayNs,
    {
        if self.should_full_draw() {
-            #[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-            self.draw_fps_into_fb();
            return self.draw(display).await;
        }

-        #[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-        {
-            let fps_tile_x = FPS_CANVAS_X / TILE_SIZE;
-            let fps_tile_y = FPS_CANVAS_Y / TILE_SIZE;
-            let fps_tile_w = (FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH + TILE_SIZE - 1) / TILE_SIZE;
-            let fps_tile_h = (FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT + TILE_SIZE - 1) / TILE_SIZE;
-
-            for ty in fps_tile_y..fps_tile_y + fps_tile_h {
-                for tx in fps_tile_x..fps_tile_x + fps_tile_w {
-                    self.dirty_tiles[ty * NUM_TILE_COLS + tx].store(true, Ordering::Release);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
        for tile_row in 0..NUM_TILE_ROWS {
            let row_start_idx = tile_row * NUM_TILE_COLS;
            let mut col = 0;
@@ -261,15 +178,14 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
                // Check for dirty tile
                if self.dirty_tiles[row_start_idx + col].swap(false, Ordering::Acquire) {
                    let run_start = col;
-                    let mut scan_col = col;
                    let mut run_len = 1;

                    // Extend run while contiguous dirty tiles and within MAX_BATCH_TILES
-                    while scan_col + 1 < NUM_TILE_COLS
+                    while col + 1 < NUM_TILE_COLS
                        && self.dirty_tiles[row_start_idx + col + 1].load(Ordering::Acquire)
                        && run_len < MAX_BATCH_TILES
                    {
-                        scan_col += 1;
+                        col += 1;
                        run_len += 1;
                    }

@@ -294,19 +210,12 @@ impl<'a> AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
                            &self.batch_tile_buf[..run_len * TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE],
                        )
                        .await?;
-
-                    col = scan_col;
                }

                col += 1;
            }
        }

-        #[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-        unsafe {
-            crate::display::FPS_COUNTER.measure()
-        }
-
        Ok(())
    }
 }
@@ -349,9 +258,11 @@ impl<'a> DrawTarget for AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
            }
        }

-        if changed && let Some(rect) = dirty_rect {
+        if changed {
+            if let Some(rect) = dirty_rect {
                self.mark_tiles_dirty(rect);
            }
+        }

        Ok(())
    }
@@ -403,7 +314,7 @@ impl<'a> DrawTarget for AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
    fn fill_solid(&mut self, area: &Rectangle, color: Self::Color) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
        self.fill_contiguous(
            area,
-            core::iter::repeat_n(color, (self.size().width * self.size().height) as usize),
+            core::iter::repeat(color).take((self.size().width * self.size().height) as usize),
        )
    }

@@ -413,10 +324,8 @@ impl<'a> DrawTarget for AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
            0,
            self.size().width as u16 - 1,
            self.size().height as u16 - 1,
-            core::iter::repeat_n(
-                RawU16::from(color).into_inner(),
-                (self.size().width * self.size().height) as usize,
-            ),
+            core::iter::repeat(RawU16::from(color).into_inner())
+                .take((self.size().width * self.size().height) as usize),
        )?;

        for tile in self.dirty_tiles.iter() {
@@ -432,146 +341,3 @@ impl<'a> OriginDimensions for AtomicFrameBuffer<'a> {
        Size::new(SCREEN_WIDTH as u32, SCREEN_HEIGHT as u32)
    }
 }
-
-#[cfg(feature = "fps")]
-pub mod fps {
-    use crate::display::SCREEN_WIDTH;
-    use core::fmt::Write;
-    use embassy_time::{Duration, Instant};
-    use embedded_graphics::{
-        Drawable, Pixel,
-        draw_target::DrawTarget,
-        geometry::Point,
-        mono_font::{MonoTextStyle, ascii::FONT_8X13},
-        pixelcolor::Rgb565,
-        prelude::{IntoStorage, OriginDimensions, RgbColor, Size},
-        text::{Alignment, Text},
-    };
-
-    pub static mut FPS_COUNTER: FpsCounter = FpsCounter::new();
-    pub static mut FPS_CANVAS: FpsCanvas = FpsCanvas::new();
-
-    // "FPS: 120" = 8 len
-    const FPS_LEN: usize = 8;
-    pub const FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH: usize = (FONT_8X13.character_size.width + 4) as usize * FPS_LEN;
-    pub const FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT: usize = FONT_8X13.character_size.height as usize;
-
-    // puts canvas in the top right of the display
-    // top left point of canvas
-    pub const FPS_CANVAS_X: usize = SCREEN_WIDTH - FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH;
-    pub const FPS_CANVAS_Y: usize = 0;
-
-    pub struct FpsCanvas {
-        pub canvas: [u16; FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT * FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH],
-    }
-
-    impl FpsCanvas {
-        const fn new() -> Self {
-            Self {
-                canvas: [0; FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT * FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH],
-            }
-        }
-
-        fn clear(&mut self) {
-            for p in &mut self.canvas {
-                *p = 0;
-            }
-        }
-
-        pub async fn draw_fps(&mut self) {
-            let mut buf: heapless::String<FPS_LEN> = heapless::String::new();
-            let fps = unsafe { FPS_COUNTER.smoothed };
-            let _ = write!(buf, "FPS: {}", fps as u8);
-
-            self.clear();
-            let text_style = MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_8X13, Rgb565::WHITE);
-            Text::with_alignment(
-                buf.as_str(),
-                Point::new(
-                    FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH as i32 / 2,
-                    (FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT as i32 + 8) / 2,
-                ),
-                text_style,
-                Alignment::Center,
-            )
-            .draw(self)
-            .unwrap();
-        }
-    }
-
-    impl DrawTarget for FpsCanvas {
-        type Error = ();
-        type Color = Rgb565;
-
-        fn draw_iter<I>(&mut self, pixels: I) -> Result<(), Self::Error>
-        where
-            I: IntoIterator<Item = Pixel<Self::Color>>,
-        {
-            for Pixel(point, color) in pixels {
-                if point.x < 0
-                    || point.x >= FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH as i32
-                    || point.y < 0
-                    || point.y >= FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT as i32
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let index = (point.y as usize) * FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH + point.x as usize;
-                self.canvas[index] = color.into_storage();
-            }
-            Ok(())
-        }
-    }
-
-    impl OriginDimensions for FpsCanvas {
-        fn size(&self) -> Size {
-            Size::new(FPS_CANVAS_WIDTH as u32, FPS_CANVAS_HEIGHT as u32)
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub struct FpsCounter {
-        last_frame: Option<Instant>,
-        smoothed: f32,
-        last_draw: Option<Instant>,
-    }
-
-    impl FpsCounter {
-        pub const fn new() -> Self {
-            Self {
-                last_frame: None,
-                smoothed: 0.0,
-                last_draw: None,
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Is called once per frame or partial frame to update FPS
-        pub fn measure(&mut self) {
-            let now = Instant::now();
-
-            if let Some(last) = self.last_frame {
-                let dt_us = (now - last).as_micros() as f32;
-                if dt_us > 0.0 {
-                    let current = 1_000_000.0 / dt_us;
-                    self.smoothed = if self.smoothed == 0.0 {
-                        current
-                    } else {
-                        0.9 * self.smoothed + 0.1 * current
-                    };
-                }
-            }
-
-            self.last_frame = Some(now);
-        }
-
-        pub fn should_draw(&mut self) -> bool {
-            let now = Instant::now();
-            match self.last_draw {
-                Some(last) if now - last < Duration::from_millis(200) => false,
-                _ => {
-                    self.last_draw = Some(now);
-                    true
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/kernel/src/heap.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/heap.rs
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ impl Region {

    fn contains(&self, address: usize) -> bool {
        let start = self.start.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
-        let end = start + self.size.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
-        (start..end).contains(&address)
+        let end = self.start.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        (start..start + end).contains(&address)
    }

    fn new(start: usize, size: usize) -> Self {
--- a/kernel/src/main.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/main.rs
@@ -8,58 +8,53 @@

 extern crate alloc;

-mod audio;
+mod abi;
 mod display;
 mod elf;
 mod framebuffer;
-// TODO: NEED TO UPDATE MCU TO TEST BATTERY READS
 #[allow(unused)]
+mod heap;
 mod peripherals;
 #[allow(unused)]
+mod psram;
 mod scsi;
 mod storage;
-mod syscalls;
 mod ui;
-#[allow(unused)]
 mod usb;
 mod utils;

-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-#[allow(unused)]
-mod heap;
-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
-#[allow(unused)]
-mod psram;
-
-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
+#[cfg(feature = "pimoroni2w")]
 use crate::{heap::init_qmi_psram_heap, psram::init_psram_qmi};

 use crate::{
-    audio::{AUDIO_BUFFER_WRITTEN, audio_handler, clear_audio_buffers},
+    abi::{KEY_CACHE, MS_SINCE_LAUNCH},
    display::{FRAMEBUFFER, display_handler, init_display},
-    peripherals::{conf_peripherals, keyboard::read_keyboard_fifo},
+    heap::HEAP,
+    peripherals::{
+        conf_peripherals,
+        keyboard::{KeyState, read_keyboard_fifo},
+    },
+    psram::init_psram,
    scsi::MSC_SHUTDOWN,
    storage::{SDCARD, SdCard},
-    syscalls::{KEY_CACHE, MS_SINCE_LAUNCH},
    ui::{SELECTIONS, clear_selection, ui_handler},
 };
+use abi_sys::EntryFn;
 use bumpalo::Bump;
 use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 use embassy_executor::{Executor, Spawner};
 use embassy_futures::{join::join, select::select};
 use embassy_rp::{
    Peri,
-    clocks::ClockConfig,
-    config::Config,
    gpio::{Input, Level, Output, Pull},
    i2c::{self, I2c},
    multicore::{Stack, spawn_core1},
    peripherals::{
        DMA_CH0, DMA_CH1, DMA_CH3, DMA_CH4, I2C1, PIN_2, PIN_3, PIN_6, PIN_7, PIN_10, PIN_11,
        PIN_12, PIN_13, PIN_14, PIN_15, PIN_16, PIN_17, PIN_18, PIN_19, PIN_20, PIN_21, PIN_22,
-        PIN_26, PIN_27, PIO0, SPI0, SPI1, USB, WATCHDOG,
+        PIO0, SPI0, SPI1, USB, WATCHDOG,
    },
-    pio::{self, Common, Pio, StateMachine},
+    pio,
    spi::{self, Spi},
    usb as embassy_rp_usb,
    watchdog::{ResetReason, Watchdog},
@@ -76,7 +71,6 @@ use embedded_hal_bus::spi::ExclusiveDevice;
 use embedded_sdmmc::SdCard as SdmmcSdCard;
 use static_cell::StaticCell;
 use talc::*;
-use userlib_sys::EntryFn;
 use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};

 embassy_rp::bind_interrupts!(struct Irqs {
@@ -106,7 +100,7 @@ async fn watchdog_task(mut watchdog: Watchdog) {
            ResetReason::Forced => "forced",
            ResetReason::TimedOut => "timed out",
        };
-        #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+        #[cfg(feature = "debug")]
        defmt::error!("Watchdog reset reason: {}", _reason);
    }

@@ -122,17 +116,9 @@ async fn watchdog_task(mut watchdog: Watchdog) {
 static ENABLE_UI: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(true);
 static UI_CHANGE: Signal<CriticalSectionRawMutex, ()> = Signal::new();

-const OVERCLOCK: u32 = 300_000_000;
-
 #[embassy_executor::main]
 async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
-    let p = if cfg!(feature = "overclock") {
-        let clocks = ClockConfig::system_freq(OVERCLOCK).unwrap();
-        let config = Config::new(clocks);
-        embassy_rp::init(config)
-    } else {
-        embassy_rp::init(Default::default())
-    };
+    let p = embassy_rp::init(Default::default());

    spawn_core1(
        p.CORE1,
@@ -154,19 +140,6 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
        data: p.PIN_14,
        reset: p.PIN_15,
    };
-    let Pio {
-        common, sm0, sm1, ..
-    } = Pio::new(p.PIO0, Irqs);
-
-    let audio = Audio {
-        pio: common,
-        sm0,
-        dma0: p.DMA_CH3,
-        left: p.PIN_26,
-        sm1,
-        dma1: p.DMA_CH4,
-        right: p.PIN_27,
-    };
    let sd = Sd {
        spi: p.SPI0,
        clk: p.PIN_18,
@@ -175,15 +148,15 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
        cs: p.PIN_17,
        det: p.PIN_22,
    };
-    // let psram = Psram {
-    //     pio: p.PIO0,
-    //     sclk: p.PIN_21,
-    //     mosi: p.PIN_2,
-    //     miso: p.PIN_3,
-    //     cs: p.PIN_20,
-    //     dma1: p.DMA_CH3,
-    //     dma2: p.DMA_CH4,
-    // };
+    let psram = Psram {
+        pio: p.PIO0,
+        sclk: p.PIN_21,
+        mosi: p.PIN_2,
+        miso: p.PIN_3,
+        cs: p.PIN_20,
+        dma1: p.DMA_CH3,
+        dma2: p.DMA_CH4,
+    };
    let mcu = Mcu {
        i2c: p.I2C1,
        clk: p.PIN_7,
@@ -193,7 +166,7 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
    executor0.run(|spawner| {
        spawner
            .spawn(kernel_task(
-                spawner, p.WATCHDOG, display, audio, sd, mcu, p.USB,
+                spawner, p.WATCHDOG, display, sd, psram, mcu, p.USB,
            ))
            .unwrap()
    });
@@ -226,9 +199,6 @@ async fn userland_task() {

        // enable kernel ui
        {
-            AUDIO_BUFFER_WRITTEN.store(false, Ordering::Release);
-            clear_audio_buffers();
-
            ENABLE_UI.store(true, Ordering::Release);
            UI_CHANGE.signal(());
            unsafe { FRAMEBUFFER.as_mut().unwrap().clear(Rgb565::BLACK).unwrap() };
@@ -250,15 +220,6 @@ struct Display {
    data: Peri<'static, PIN_14>,
    reset: Peri<'static, PIN_15>,
 }
-struct Audio {
-    pio: Common<'static, PIO0>,
-    dma0: Peri<'static, DMA_CH3>,
-    sm0: StateMachine<'static, PIO0, 0>,
-    left: Peri<'static, PIN_26>,
-    dma1: Peri<'static, DMA_CH4>,
-    sm1: StateMachine<'static, PIO0, 1>,
-    right: Peri<'static, PIN_27>,
-}
 struct Sd {
    spi: Peri<'static, SPI0>,
    clk: Peri<'static, PIN_18>,
@@ -293,7 +254,7 @@ async fn setup_mcu(mcu: Mcu) {

 async fn setup_display(display: Display, spawner: Spawner) {
    let mut config = spi::Config::default();
-    config.frequency = 192_000_000;
+    config.frequency = 64_000_000;
    let spi = Spi::new(
        display.spi,
        display.clk,
@@ -309,26 +270,26 @@ async fn setup_display(display: Display, spawner: Spawner) {

 // psram is kind of useless on the pico calc
 // ive opted to use the pimoroni with on onboard xip psram instead
-// async fn setup_psram(psram: Psram) {
-//     let psram = init_psram(
-//         psram.pio, psram.sclk, psram.mosi, psram.miso, psram.cs, psram.dma1, psram.dma2,
-//     )
-//     .await;
+async fn setup_psram(psram: Psram) {
+    let psram = init_psram(
+        psram.pio, psram.sclk, psram.mosi, psram.miso, psram.cs, psram.dma1, psram.dma2,
+    )
+    .await;

-//     #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
-//     defmt::info!("psram size: {}", psram.size);
+    #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+    defmt::info!("psram size: {}", psram.size);

-//     if psram.size == 0 {
-//         #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
-//         defmt::info!("\u{1b}[1mExternal PSRAM was NOT found!\u{1b}[0m");
-//     }
-// }
+    if psram.size == 0 {
+        #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+        defmt::info!("\u{1b}[1mExternal PSRAM was NOT found!\u{1b}[0m");
+    }
+}

-#[cfg(feature = "psram")]
+#[cfg(feature = "pimoroni2w")]
 async fn setup_qmi_psram() {
    Timer::after_millis(250).await;
    let psram_qmi_size = init_psram_qmi(&embassy_rp::pac::QMI, &embassy_rp::pac::XIP_CTRL);
-    #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+    #[cfg(feature = "debug")]
    defmt::info!("size:  {}", psram_qmi_size);
    Timer::after_millis(100).await;

@@ -360,9 +321,8 @@ async fn kernel_task(
    spawner: Spawner,
    watchdog: Peri<'static, WATCHDOG>,
    display: Display,
-    audio: Audio,
    sd: Sd,
-    // _psram: Psram,
+    psram: Psram,
    mcu: Mcu,
    usb: Peri<'static, USB>,
 ) {
@@ -370,25 +330,19 @@ async fn kernel_task(
        .spawn(watchdog_task(Watchdog::new(watchdog)))
        .unwrap();

-    #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
-    defmt::info!("Clock: {}", embassy_rp::clocks::clk_sys_freq());
-
    setup_mcu(mcu).await;

-    #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
    defmt::info!("setting up psram");
    Timer::after_millis(100).await;

    // setup_psram(psram).await;
-    #[cfg(feature = "psram")]
+    #[cfg(feature = "pimoroni2w")]
    setup_qmi_psram().await;

    Timer::after_millis(100).await;
    setup_display(display, spawner).await;
    setup_sd(sd).await;

-    spawner.spawn(audio_handler(audio)).unwrap();
-
    let _usb = embassy_rp_usb::Driver::new(usb, Irqs);
    // spawner.spawn(usb_handler(usb)).unwrap();

@@ -408,8 +362,7 @@ async fn prog_search_handler() {
            let mut guard = SDCARD.get().lock().await;
            let sd = guard.as_mut().unwrap();

-            let mut files = sd.list_files_by_extension(".bin").unwrap();
-            files.sort();
+            let files = sd.list_files_by_extension(".bin").unwrap();
            let mut select = SELECTIONS.lock().await;

            if *select.selections() != files {
@@ -424,10 +377,12 @@ async fn prog_search_handler() {
 async fn key_handler() {
    loop {
        if let Some(event) = read_keyboard_fifo().await {
+            if let KeyState::Pressed = event.state {
                unsafe {
                    let _ = KEY_CACHE.enqueue(event);
                }
            }
+        }
        Timer::after_millis(50).await;
    }
 }
--- a/kernel/src/peripherals/keyboard.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/peripherals/keyboard.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::peripherals::PERIPHERAL_BUS;
-pub use userlib_sys::keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyEvent, KeyState, Modifiers};
+pub use abi_sys::keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyEvent, KeyState, Modifiers};

 const REG_ID_KEY: u8 = 0x04;
 const REG_ID_FIF: u8 = 0x09;
--- a/kernel/src/psram.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/psram.rs
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ pub fn init_psram_qmi(
    let psram_size = detect_psram_qmi(qmi);

    if psram_size == 0 {
-        #[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
+        #[cfg(feature = "debug")]
        defmt::error!("qmi psram size 0");
        return 0;
    }
--- a/kernel/src/scsi/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/scsi/mod.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ pub struct MassStorageClass<'d, D: Driver<'d>> {
    bulk_in: D::EndpointIn,
 }

-impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
+impl<'d, 's, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
    pub fn new(builder: &mut Builder<'d, D>, temp_sd: Option<SdCard>) -> Self {
        let mut function = builder.function(0x08, SUBCLASS_SCSI, 0x50); // Mass Storage class
        let mut interface = function.interface();
@@ -72,10 +72,9 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {

    async fn handle_cbw(&mut self) {
        let mut cbw_buf = [0u8; 31];
-        if let Ok(n) = self.bulk_out.read(&mut cbw_buf).await
-            && n == 31
-            && let Some(cbw) = CommandBlockWrapper::parse(&cbw_buf[..n])
-        {
+        if let Ok(n) = self.bulk_out.read(&mut cbw_buf).await {
+            if n == 31 {
+                if let Some(cbw) = CommandBlockWrapper::parse(&cbw_buf[..n]) {
                    // Take sdcard to increase speed
                    if self.temp_sd.is_none() {
                        let mut guard = SDCARD.get().lock().await;
@@ -95,13 +94,15 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
                        self.send_csw_fail(cbw.dCBWTag).await
                    }

-            if self.pending_eject
-                && let ScsiCommand::Write { lba: _, len: _ } = command
-            {
+                    if self.pending_eject {
+                        if let ScsiCommand::Write { lba: _, len: _ } = command {
                            MSC_SHUTDOWN.signal(());
                        }
                    }
                }
+            }
+        }
+    }

    async fn handle_command(&mut self, command: ScsiCommand) -> Result<(), ()> {
        let mut response: Vec<u8, BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE> = Vec::new();
@@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
                let block_size = SdCard::BLOCK_SIZE as u64;
                let total_blocks = self.temp_sd.as_ref().unwrap().size() / block_size;

-                let last_lba = total_blocks.saturating_sub(1);
+                let last_lba = total_blocks.checked_sub(1).unwrap_or(0);

                response.extend_from_slice(&(last_lba as u32).to_be_bytes())?;
                response.extend_from_slice(&(block_size as u32).to_be_bytes())?;
@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
                let block_size = SdCard::BLOCK_SIZE as u64;
                let total_blocks = self.temp_sd.as_ref().unwrap().size() / block_size;

-                let last_lba = total_blocks.saturating_sub(1);
+                let last_lba = total_blocks.checked_sub(1).unwrap_or(0);

                response.extend_from_slice(&last_lba.to_be_bytes())?; // 8 bytes last LBA
                response.extend_from_slice(&(block_size as u32).to_be_bytes())?; // 4 bytes block length
@@ -268,7 +269,7 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
                        sdcard.read_blocks(block_buf, BlockIdx(idx as u32))?;

                        for block in &mut *block_buf {
-                            for chunk in block.contents.chunks(BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE) {
+                            for chunk in block.contents.chunks(BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE.into()) {
                                self.bulk_in.write(chunk).await.map_err(|_| ())?;
                            }
                        }
@@ -280,7 +281,7 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
                            .read_blocks(&mut block_buf[..blocks as usize], BlockIdx(idx as u32))?;

                        for block in &block_buf[..blocks as usize] {
-                            for chunk in block.contents.chunks(BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE) {
+                            for chunk in block.contents.chunks(BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE.into()) {
                                self.bulk_in.write(chunk).await.map_err(|_| ())?;
                            }
                        }
@@ -300,7 +301,8 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
                while blocks > 0 {
                    if blocks >= block_buf.len() as u64 {
                        for block in block_buf.as_mut() {
-                            for chunk in block.contents.chunks_mut(BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE) {
+                            for chunk in block.contents.chunks_mut(BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE.into())
+                            {
                                self.bulk_out.read(chunk).await.map_err(|_| ())?;
                            }
                        }
@@ -311,7 +313,8 @@ impl<'d, D: Driver<'d>> MassStorageClass<'d, D> {
                        idx += block_buf.len() as u64;
                    } else {
                        for block in block_buf[..blocks as usize].as_mut() {
-                            for chunk in block.contents.chunks_mut(BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE) {
+                            for chunk in block.contents.chunks_mut(BULK_ENDPOINT_PACKET_SIZE.into())
+                            {
                                self.bulk_out.read(chunk).await.map_err(|_| ())?;
                            }
                        }
--- a/kernel/src/scsi/scsi_types.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/scsi/scsi_types.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use num_enum::TryFromPrimitive;

 /// THE CODE BELOW ORIGINATES FROM: https://github.com/apohrebniak/usbd-storage/blob/master/usbd-storage/src/subclass/scsi.rs
-///
+
 /// SCSI device subclass code
 pub const SUBCLASS_SCSI: u8 = 0x06; // SCSI Transparent command set

@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ pub enum ScsiCommand {
    },
 }

-#[allow(clippy::enum_variant_names)]
 #[repr(u8)]
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, TryFromPrimitive)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
--- a/kernel/src/storage.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/storage.rs
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ use embassy_sync::mutex::Mutex;
 use embassy_time::Delay;
 use embedded_hal_bus::spi::ExclusiveDevice;
 use embedded_sdmmc::{
-    Block, BlockDevice, BlockIdx, Directory, SdCard as SdmmcSdCard, TimeSource, Timestamp,
-    VolumeIdx, VolumeManager, sdcard::Error,
+    Block, BlockCount, BlockDevice, BlockIdx, Directory, SdCard as SdmmcSdCard, TimeSource,
+    Timestamp, Volume, VolumeIdx, VolumeManager, sdcard::Error,
 };
 use embedded_sdmmc::{File as SdFile, LfnBuffer, Mode, ShortFileName};

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ pub const MAX_VOLUMES: usize = 1;
 type Device = ExclusiveDevice<Spi<'static, SPI0, Blocking>, Output<'static>, embassy_time::Delay>;
 type SD = SdmmcSdCard<Device, Delay>;
 type VolMgr = VolumeManager<SD, DummyTimeSource, MAX_DIRS, MAX_FILES, MAX_VOLUMES>;
+type Vol<'a> = Volume<'a, SD, DummyTimeSource, MAX_DIRS, MAX_FILES, MAX_VOLUMES>;
 pub type Dir<'a> = Directory<'a, SD, DummyTimeSource, MAX_DIRS, MAX_FILES, MAX_VOLUMES>;
 pub type File<'a> = SdFile<'a, SD, DummyTimeSource, MAX_DIRS, MAX_FILES, MAX_VOLUMES>;

@@ -34,24 +35,12 @@ impl TimeSource for DummyTimeSource {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub struct FileName {
    pub long_name: String,
    pub short_name: ShortFileName,
 }

-impl PartialOrd for FileName {
-    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<core::cmp::Ordering> {
-        Some(self.cmp(other))
-    }
-}
-
-impl Ord for FileName {
-    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> core::cmp::Ordering {
-        self.long_name.cmp(&other.long_name)
-    }
-}
-
 pub struct SdCard {
    det: Input<'static>,
    volume_mgr: VolMgr,
@@ -66,7 +55,10 @@ impl SdCard {
            DummyTimeSource {},
            5000,
        );
-        Self { det, volume_mgr }
+        Self {
+            det: det,
+            volume_mgr,
+        }
    }

    /// Returns true if an SD card is inserted.
@@ -86,6 +78,17 @@ impl SdCard {
        result
    }

+    pub fn num_blocks(&self) -> u32 {
+        let mut result = 0;
+
+        self.volume_mgr.device(|sd| {
+            result = sd.num_blocks().unwrap_or(BlockCount(0)).0;
+            DummyTimeSource {}
+        });
+
+        result
+    }
+
    pub fn read_blocks(&self, blocks: &mut [Block], start_block_idx: BlockIdx) -> Result<(), ()> {
        let mut res: Result<(), Error> = Ok(());
        self.volume_mgr.device(|sd| {
--- a/kernel/src/ui.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/ui.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use crate::{
    BINARY_CH, display::FRAMEBUFFER, elf::load_binary, framebuffer::FB_PAUSED,
    peripherals::keyboard, storage::FileName,
 };
+use abi_sys::keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState};
 use alloc::{str::FromStr, string::String, vec::Vec};
 use core::sync::atomic::Ordering;
 use embassy_sync::{blocking_mutex::raw::CriticalSectionRawMutex, mutex::Mutex};
@@ -19,16 +20,14 @@ use embedded_layout::{
    prelude::*,
 };
 use embedded_text::TextBox;
-use userlib_sys::keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState};

 pub static SELECTIONS: Mutex<CriticalSectionRawMutex, SelectionList> =
    Mutex::new(SelectionList::new());

 pub async fn ui_handler() {
    loop {
-        if let Some(event) = keyboard::read_keyboard_fifo().await
-            && let KeyState::Pressed = event.state
-        {
+        if let Some(event) = keyboard::read_keyboard_fifo().await {
+            if let KeyState::Pressed = event.state {
                match event.key {
                    KeyCode::Up => {
                        let mut selections = SELECTIONS.lock().await;
@@ -53,6 +52,7 @@ pub async fn ui_handler() {
                    _ => (),
                }
            }
+        }

        let changed = SELECTIONS.lock().await.changed;
        if changed {
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ pub async fn clear_selection() {

 async fn draw_selection() {
    let mut guard = SELECTIONS.lock().await;
-    let file_names = guard.selections.clone();
+    let file_names = &guard.selections.clone();

    let text_style = MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_10X20, Rgb565::WHITE);
    let display_area = unsafe { FRAMEBUFFER.as_mut().unwrap().bounding_box() };
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async fn draw_selection() {
    } else {
        let mut views: alloc::vec::Vec<Text<MonoTextStyle<Rgb565>>> = Vec::new();

-        for i in &file_names {
+        for i in file_names {
            views.push(Text::new(&i.long_name, Point::zero(), text_style));
        }

--- a/1
+++ b/1
--- a/selection_ui/Cargo.toml
+++ b/selection_ui/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"

 [dependencies]
-userlib = { path = "../userlib" }
+abi = { path = "../abi" }
 embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
 embedded-layout = "0.4.2"
 embedded-text = "0.7.3"
--- a/selection_ui/src/lib.rs
+++ b/selection_ui/src/lib.rs
@@ -2,104 +2,93 @@

 extern crate alloc;

+use abi::{
+    display::Display,
+    get_key,
+    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
+    print, sleep,
+};
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use embedded_graphics::{
-    mono_font::{ascii::FONT_10X20, MonoTextStyle},
-    pixelcolor::Rgb565,
-    prelude::{Dimensions, DrawTarget, Point, Primitive, RgbColor},
-    primitives::{PrimitiveStyle, Rectangle},
-    text::{renderer::TextRenderer, Alignment, Text},
    Drawable,
+    mono_font::{MonoTextStyle, ascii::FONT_10X20},
+    pixelcolor::Rgb565,
+    prelude::{Dimensions, Point, Primitive, RgbColor, Size},
+    primitives::{PrimitiveStyle, Rectangle},
+    text::Text,
 };
 use embedded_layout::{
    align::{horizontal, vertical},
    layout::linear::{FixedMargin, LinearLayout},
    prelude::*,
 };
-use userlib::{
-    display::Display,
-    get_key,
-    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-};
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub enum SelectionUiError<DisplayError> {
-    SelectionListEmpty,
-    DisplayError(DisplayError),
-}
+use embedded_text::TextBox;

 pub struct SelectionUi<'a> {
    selection: usize,
    items: &'a [&'a str],
+    error: &'a str,
    last_bounds: Option<Rectangle>,
 }

 impl<'a> SelectionUi<'a> {
-    pub fn new(items: &'a [&'a str]) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(items: &'a [&'a str], error: &'a str) -> Self {
        Self {
            selection: 0,
            items,
+            error,
            last_bounds: None,
        }
    }

-    pub fn run_selection_ui(
-        &mut self,
-        display: &mut Display,
-    ) -> Result<Option<usize>, SelectionUiError<<Display as DrawTarget>::Error>> {
+    pub fn run_selection_ui(&mut self, display: &mut Display) -> Result<Option<usize>, ()> {
        self.draw(display)?;
        let selection;
        loop {
            let key = get_key();
-            if key.state == KeyState::Pressed
-                && let Some(s) = self.update(display, key.key)? {
+            if key.state == KeyState::Pressed {
+                print!("Got Key press: {:?}", key.key);
+                if let Some(s) = self.update(display, key.key)? {
                    selection = Some(s);
-                    display
-                        .clear(Rgb565::BLACK)
-                        .map_err(SelectionUiError::DisplayError)?;
                    break;
                }
            }
+        }
        Ok(selection)
    }

    /// updates the display with a new keypress.
    /// returns selection idx if selected
-    pub fn update(
-        &mut self,
-        display: &mut Display,
-        key: KeyCode,
-    ) -> Result<Option<usize>, SelectionUiError<<Display as DrawTarget>::Error>> {
+    pub fn update(&mut self, display: &mut Display, key: KeyCode) -> Result<Option<usize>, ()> {
        match key {
-            KeyCode::Down => {
-                self.selection = (self.selection + 1).min(self.items.len() - 1);
-            }
-            KeyCode::Up => {
+            KeyCode::JoyUp => {
                self.selection = self.selection.saturating_sub(1);
            }
-            KeyCode::Enter | KeyCode::Right => return Ok(Some(self.selection)),
-            _ => return Ok(None),
+            KeyCode::JoyDown => {
+                self.selection = self.selection.saturating_add(1);
+            }
+            KeyCode::Enter | KeyCode::JoyRight => return Ok(Some(self.selection)),
+            _ => return Ok(Some(self.selection)),
        };
        self.draw(display)?;
        Ok(None)
    }

-    fn draw(
-        &mut self,
-        display: &mut Display,
-    ) -> Result<(), SelectionUiError<<Display as DrawTarget>::Error>> {
+    fn draw(&mut self, display: &mut Display) -> Result<(), ()> {
        let text_style = MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_10X20, Rgb565::WHITE);
        let display_area = display.bounding_box();

        if self.items.is_empty() {
-            return Err(SelectionUiError::SelectionListEmpty);
-        }
-
-        if let Some(bounds) = self.last_bounds {
-            Rectangle::new(bounds.top_left, bounds.size)
-                .into_styled(PrimitiveStyle::with_fill(Rgb565::BLACK))
+            TextBox::new(
+                &self.error,
+                Rectangle::new(
+                    Point::new(25, 25),
+                    Size::new(display_area.size.width - 50, display_area.size.width - 50),
+                ),
+                text_style,
+            )
            .draw(display)
-                .map_err(SelectionUiError::DisplayError)?;
+            .unwrap();
        }

        let mut views: Vec<Text<MonoTextStyle<Rgb565>>> = Vec::new();
@@ -116,38 +105,15 @@ impl<'a> SelectionUi<'a> {
            .arrange()
            .align_to(&display_area, horizontal::Center, vertical::Center);

-        layout
-            .draw(display)
-            .map_err(SelectionUiError::DisplayError)?;
-
        // draw selected box
-        if let Some(selected_bounds) = layout.inner().get(self.selection) {
-            let selected_bounds = selected_bounds.bounding_box();
+        let selected_bounds = layout.inner().get(self.selection).ok_or(())?.bounding_box();
        Rectangle::new(selected_bounds.top_left, selected_bounds.size)
            .into_styled(PrimitiveStyle::with_stroke(Rgb565::WHITE, 1))
-                .draw(display)
-                .map_err(SelectionUiError::DisplayError)?;
+            .draw(display)?;

-            self.last_bounds = Some(selected_bounds);
-        }
+        self.last_bounds = Some(layout.bounds());

+        layout.draw(display)?;
        Ok(())
    }
 }
-
-pub fn draw_text_center<S>(
-    display: &mut Display,
-    text: &str,
-    style: S,
-) -> Result<Point, <Display as DrawTarget>::Error>
-where
-    S: TextRenderer<Color = <Display as DrawTarget>::Color>,
-{
-    Text::with_alignment(
-        text,
-        display.bounding_box().center(),
-        style,
-        Alignment::Center,
-    )
-    .draw(display)
-}
--- a/user-apps/calculator/Cargo.toml
+++ b/user-apps/calculator/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"

 [dependencies]
-userlib = { path = "../../userlib" }
+abi = { path = "../../abi" }
 embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
 embedded-layout = "0.4.2"
--- a/user-apps/calculator/build.rs
+++ b/user-apps/calculator/build.rs
--- a/user-apps/calculator/src/main.rs
+++ b/user-apps/calculator/src/main.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,12 @@
 #![no_main]

 extern crate alloc;
+use abi::{
+    display::Display,
+    get_key,
+    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
+    print,
+};
 use alloc::{format, string::String, vec, vec::Vec};
 use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 use embedded_graphics::{
@@ -19,16 +25,10 @@ use embedded_layout::{
    layout::linear::LinearLayout,
    prelude::Chain,
 };
-use userlib::{
-    display::Display,
-    get_key,
-    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-    println,
-};

 #[panic_handler]
 fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    println!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
+    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
    loop {}
 }

@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
 }

 pub fn main() {
-    println!("Starting Calculator app");
-    let mut display = Display::take().unwrap();
+    print!("Starting Calculator app");
+    let mut display = Display;

    let mut input = vec!['e', 'x', 'p', 'r', ':', ' '];
    let input_min = input.len();
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ pub fn main() {
            .align_to(&display.bounding_box(), horizontal::Left, vertical::Center);

            let result = if let Ok(result) = evaluate(&input[input_min..]) {
-                &format!(" = {result}")
+                &format!(" = {}", result)
            } else {
                " = Error"
            };
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ pub fn main() {
        }

        let event = get_key();
-        if event.state == KeyState::Released {
+        if event.state != KeyState::Idle {
            match event.key {
                KeyCode::Char(ch) => {
                    input.push(ch);
--- a/user-apps/gallery/Cargo.toml
+++ b/user-apps/gallery/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"

 [dependencies]
-userlib = { path = "../../userlib" }
+abi = { path = "../../abi" }
 embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
 tinybmp = "0.6.0"
--- a/user-apps/gallery/build.rs
+++ b/user-apps/gallery/build.rs
--- a/user-apps/gallery/src/main.rs
+++ b/user-apps/gallery/src/main.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,13 @@
 #![allow(static_mut_refs)]

 extern crate alloc;
+use abi::{
+    display::{Display, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_WIDTH},
+    fs::{Entries, list_dir, read_file},
+    get_key,
+    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
+    print,
+};
 use alloc::{format, vec};
 use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 use embedded_graphics::{
@@ -10,17 +17,10 @@ use embedded_graphics::{
    pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::*, text::Text,
 };
 use tinybmp::Bmp;
-use userlib::{
-    display::{Display, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_WIDTH},
-    fs::{Entries, list_dir, read_file},
-    get_key,
-    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-    println,
-};

 #[panic_handler]
 fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    println!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location());
+    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location());
    loop {}
 }

@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
 }

 pub fn main() {
-    println!("Starting Gallery app");
+    print!("Starting Gallery app");
    let mut bmp_buf = vec![0_u8; 100_000];
-    let mut display = Display::take().unwrap();
+    let mut display = Display;

    let grid_cols = 3;
    let grid_rows = 3;
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@ pub fn main() {
            break; // only draw 3x3
        }

-        println!("file: {}", file);
+        print!("file: {}", file);
        if file.extension().unwrap_or("") == "bmp" || file.extension().unwrap_or("") == "BMP" {
-            let file_path = format!("/images/{file}");
+            let file_path = format!("/images/{}", file);

-            let read = read_file(&file_path, 0, &mut bmp_buf[..]);
+            let read = read_file(&file_path, 0, &mut &mut bmp_buf[..]);
            if read > 0 {
                let bmp = Bmp::from_slice(&bmp_buf).expect("failed to parse bmp");

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ pub fn main() {

                let text_style = MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_6X10, Rgb565::WHITE);
                let text_y = y + bmp_h + 2; // 2px gap under image
-                Text::new(file.base(), Point::new(cell_x + 2, text_y), text_style)
+                Text::new(&file.base(), Point::new(cell_x + 2, text_y), text_style)
                    .draw(&mut display)
                    .unwrap();

@@ -85,8 +85,11 @@ pub fn main() {

    loop {
        let event = get_key();
-        if event.state != KeyState::Idle && event.key == KeyCode::Esc {
-            return;
+        if event.state != KeyState::Idle {
+            match event.key {
+                KeyCode::Esc => return,
+                _ => (),
            }
+        };
    }
 }
--- a/user-apps/gif/Cargo.toml
+++ b/user-apps/gif/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"

 [dependencies]
-userlib = { path = "../../userlib" }
-selection_ui = { path = "../../selection_ui" }
+abi = { path = "../../abi" }
 embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
+selection_ui = { path = "../../selection_ui" }
 tinygif = { git = "https://github.com/LegitCamper/tinygif" }
--- a/user-apps/gif/build.rs
+++ b/user-apps/gif/build.rs
--- a/user-apps/gif/src/main.rs
+++ b/user-apps/gif/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+extern crate alloc;
+use abi::{
+    display::Display,
+    fs::{Entries, file_len, list_dir, read_file},
+    get_key, get_ms,
+    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
+    print, sleep,
+};
+use alloc::{format, vec, vec::Vec};
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+use embedded_graphics::{
+    image::ImageDrawable, pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::Point, transform::Transform,
+};
+use selection_ui::SelectionUi;
+use tinygif::Gif;
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
+pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
+    main()
+}
+
+pub fn main() {
+    print!("Starting Gif app");
+    let mut display = Display;
+
+    let mut entries = Entries::new();
+    list_dir("/gifs", &mut entries);
+
+    let mut files = entries.entries();
+    files.retain(|e| e.extension().unwrap_or("") == "gif");
+    let gifs = &files.iter().map(|e| e.full_name()).collect::<Vec<&str>>();
+
+    let mut selection_ui = SelectionUi::new(&gifs, "No Gif files found in /gifs");
+    let selection = selection_ui
+        .run_selection_ui(&mut display)
+        .expect("failed to draw")
+        .expect("Failed to get user selection");
+
+    let file_name = format!("/gifs/{}", gifs[selection]);
+    let size = file_len(&file_name);
+    let mut buf = vec![0_u8; size];
+    let read = read_file(&file_name, 0, &mut buf);
+    print!("read: {}, file size: {}", read, size);
+    assert!(read == size);
+
+    let gif = Gif::<Rgb565>::from_slice(&buf).expect("Failed to parse gif");
+    let height = gif.height();
+
+    let mut frame_num = 0;
+    loop {
+        for mut frame in gif.frames() {
+            let start = get_ms();
+
+            frame
+                .translate_mut(Point::new(0, (320 - height as i32) / 2))
+                .draw(&mut display)
+                .unwrap();
+            frame_num += 1;
+
+            if frame_num % 5 == 0 {
+                let event = get_key();
+                if event.state != KeyState::Idle {
+                    match event.key {
+                        KeyCode::Esc => {
+                            drop(buf);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        _ => (),
+                    };
+                };
+            }
+            sleep(((frame.delay_centis as u64) * 10).saturating_sub(start));
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/user-apps/memory.x
+++ b/user-apps/memory.x
--- a/user-apps/snake/Cargo.toml
+++ b/user-apps/snake/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"

 [dependencies]
-userlib = { path = "../../userlib" }
+abi = { path = "../../abi" }
 embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
 embedded-snake = { git = "https://github.com/LegitCamper/embedded-snake-rs" }
 rand = { version = "0.9.0", default-features = false }
--- a/user-apps/snake/build.rs
+++ b/user-apps/snake/build.rs
--- a/user-apps/snake/src/main.rs
+++ b/user-apps/snake/src/main.rs
@@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
 #![no_main]

 extern crate alloc;
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-use embedded_graphics::{pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::RgbColor};
-use embedded_snake::{Direction, SnakeGame};
-use userlib::{
+use abi::{
    Rng,
    display::{Display, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_WIDTH},
    get_key,
    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-    println, sleep,
+    print, sleep,
 };
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+use embedded_graphics::{pixelcolor::Rgb565, prelude::RgbColor};
+use embedded_snake::{Direction, SnakeGame};

 #[panic_handler]
 fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    println!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
+    print!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
    loop {}
 }

@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
 const CELL_SIZE: usize = 8;

 pub fn main() {
-    println!("Starting Snake app");
-    let mut display = Display::take().unwrap();
+    print!("Starting Snake app");
+    let mut display = Display;

    let mut game = SnakeGame::<100, Rgb565, Rng>::new(
        SCREEN_WIDTH as u16,
--- a/user_apps/gif/src/main.rs
+++ b/user_apps/gif/src/main.rs
@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-#![no_std]
-#![no_main]
-
-extern crate alloc;
-use alloc::{format, vec, vec::Vec};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-use embedded_graphics::{
-    image::ImageDrawable,
-    mono_font::{MonoTextStyle, ascii::FONT_6X10},
-    pixelcolor::Rgb565,
-    prelude::{Point, RgbColor},
-    transform::Transform,
-};
-use selection_ui::{SelectionUi, SelectionUiError, draw_text_center};
-use tinygif::Gif;
-use userlib::{
-    display::{Display, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_WIDTH},
-    fs::{Entries, file_len, list_dir, read_file},
-    get_key, get_ms,
-    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-    println, sleep,
-};
-
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    println!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
-    loop {}
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
-    main()
-}
-
-pub fn main() {
-    println!("Starting Gif app");
-    let mut display = Display::take().unwrap();
-
-    let mut entries = Entries::new();
-    list_dir("/gifs", &mut entries);
-
-    let mut files = entries.entries();
-    files.retain(|e| e.extension().unwrap_or("") == "gif");
-    let mut gifs = files.iter().map(|e| e.full_name()).collect::<Vec<&str>>();
-    gifs.sort();
-
-    let mut selection_ui = SelectionUi::new(&gifs);
-    let selection = match selection_ui.run_selection_ui(&mut display) {
-        Ok(maybe_sel) => maybe_sel,
-        Err(e) => match e {
-            SelectionUiError::SelectionListEmpty => {
-                draw_text_center(
-                    &mut display,
-                    "No Gifs were found in /gifs",
-                    MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_6X10, Rgb565::RED),
-                )
-                .expect("Display Error");
-                None
-            }
-            SelectionUiError::DisplayError(_) => panic!("Display Error"),
-        },
-    };
-
-    assert!(selection.is_some());
-
-    let file_name = format!("/gifs/{}", gifs[selection.unwrap()]);
-    let size = file_len(&file_name);
-    let mut buf = vec![0_u8; size];
-    let read = read_file(&file_name, 0, &mut buf);
-    println!("read: {}, file size: {}", read, size);
-    assert!(read == size);
-
-    let gif = Gif::<Rgb565>::from_slice(&buf).expect("Failed to parse gif");
-
-    let translation = Point::new(
-        (SCREEN_WIDTH as i32 - gif.width() as i32) / 2,
-        (SCREEN_HEIGHT as i32 - gif.height() as i32) / 2,
-    );
-
-    let mut frame_num = 0;
-    loop {
-        for mut frame in gif.frames() {
-            let start = get_ms();
-
-            frame.translate_mut(translation).draw(&mut display).unwrap();
-            frame_num += 1;
-
-            if frame_num % 5 == 0 {
-                let event = get_key();
-                if event.state != KeyState::Idle && event.key == KeyCode::Esc {
-                    drop(buf);
-                    return;
-                };
-            }
-            sleep(((frame.delay_centis as u64) * 10).saturating_sub(start));
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/user_apps/wav_player/Cargo.toml
+++ b/user_apps/wav_player/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "wav_player"
-version = "0.1.0"
-edition = "2024"
-
-[dependencies]
-userlib = { path = "../../userlib" }
-selection_ui = { path = "../../selection_ui" }
-embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
-rand = { version = "0.9.0", default-features = false }
-embedded-audio = { git = "https://github.com/LegitCamper/embedded-audio" }
--- a/user_apps/wav_player/build.rs
+++ b/user_apps/wav_player/build.rs
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-//! This build script copies the `memory.x` file from the crate root into
-//! a directory where the linker can always find it at build time.
-//! For many projects this is optional, as the linker always searches the
-//! project root directory -- wherever `Cargo.toml` is. However, if you
-//! are using a workspace or have a more complicated build setup, this
-//! build script becomes required. Additionally, by requesting that
-//! Cargo re-run the build script whenever `memory.x` is changed,
-//! updating `memory.x` ensures a rebuild of the application with the
-//! new memory settings.
-
-use std::env;
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::Write;
-use std::path::PathBuf;
-
-fn main() {
-    // Put `memory.x` in our output directory and ensure it's
-    // on the linker search path.
-    let out = &PathBuf::from(env::var_os("OUT_DIR").unwrap());
-    File::create(out.join("memory.x"))
-        .unwrap()
-        .write_all(include_bytes!("../memory.x"))
-        .unwrap();
-    println!("cargo:rustc-link-search={}", out.display());
-
-    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=memory.x");
-    println!("cargo:rustc-link-arg-bins=-Tmemory.x");
-}
--- a/user_apps/wav_player/src/main.rs
+++ b/user_apps/wav_player/src/main.rs
@@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-#![no_std]
-#![no_main]
-
-extern crate alloc;
-use alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-use embedded_audio::{AudioFile, PlatformFile, PlatformFileError, wav::Wav};
-use embedded_graphics::{
-    mono_font::{MonoTextStyle, ascii::FONT_6X10},
-    pixelcolor::Rgb565,
-    prelude::RgbColor,
-};
-use selection_ui::{SelectionUi, SelectionUiError, draw_text_center};
-use userlib::{
-    audio::{AUDIO_BUFFER_LEN, audio_buffer_ready, send_audio_buffer},
-    display::Display,
-    format,
-    fs::{Entries, file_len, list_dir, read_file},
-    get_key,
-    keyboard::{KeyCode, KeyState},
-    println,
-};
-
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    println!("user panic: {} @ {:?}", info.message(), info.location(),);
-    loop {}
-}
-
-#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
-pub extern "Rust" fn _start() {
-    main()
-}
-
-pub fn main() {
-    println!("Starting Wav player app");
-    let mut display = Display::take().unwrap();
-
-    loop {
-        let mut entries = Entries::new();
-        list_dir("/music", &mut entries);
-
-        let mut files = entries.entries();
-        files.retain(|e| e.extension().unwrap_or("") == "wav");
-        let mut wavs = files.iter().map(|e| e.full_name()).collect::<Vec<&str>>();
-        wavs.sort();
-
-        let mut selection_ui = SelectionUi::new(&wavs);
-        let selection = match selection_ui.run_selection_ui(&mut display) {
-            Ok(maybe_sel) => maybe_sel,
-            Err(e) => match e {
-                SelectionUiError::SelectionListEmpty => {
-                    draw_text_center(
-                        &mut display,
-                        "No Wavs were found in /music",
-                        MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_6X10, Rgb565::RED),
-                    )
-                    .expect("Display Error");
-                    None
-                }
-                SelectionUiError::DisplayError(_) => panic!("Display Error"),
-            },
-        };
-
-        assert!(selection.is_some());
-
-        draw_text_center(
-            &mut display,
-            &format!("Now playing {}", wavs[selection.unwrap()]),
-            MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_6X10, Rgb565::WHITE),
-        )
-        .expect("Display Error");
-
-        let file_name = format!("/music/{}", wavs[selection.unwrap()]);
-        let file = File::new(file_name);
-        let mut wav = Wav::new(file).unwrap();
-        println!("sample rate: {}", wav.sample_rate());
-        println!("channels: {:?}", wav.channels() as u8);
-
-        let mut buf = [0_u8; AUDIO_BUFFER_LEN];
-
-        loop {
-            if audio_buffer_ready() {
-                if wav.is_eof() {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                let _read = wav.read(&mut buf).unwrap();
-                send_audio_buffer(&buf);
-            }
-
-            let event = get_key();
-            if event.state == KeyState::Released && event.key == KeyCode::Esc {
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-struct File {
-    current_pos: usize,
-    file: String,
-}
-
-impl File {
-    fn new(file: String) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            current_pos: 0,
-            file,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl PlatformFile for File {
-    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, PlatformFileError> {
-        let read = read_file(&self.file, self.current_pos, buf);
-        self.current_pos += read;
-        Ok(read)
-    }
-
-    fn seek_from_current(&mut self, offset: i64) -> Result<(), PlatformFileError> {
-        if offset.is_positive() {
-            self.current_pos += offset as usize;
-        } else {
-            self.current_pos -= offset as usize;
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn seek_from_start(&mut self, offset: usize) -> Result<(), PlatformFileError> {
-        self.current_pos = offset;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn seek_from_end(&mut self, offset: usize) -> Result<(), PlatformFileError> {
-        self.current_pos = self.length() - offset;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn length(&mut self) -> usize {
-        file_len(&self.file)
-    }
-}
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
sawyer bristol	513042b561	works	2025-11-04 16:50:57 -07:00
sawyer bristol	375b5d1d47	init	2025-11-04 13:43:48 -07:00